辽宁省水稻主栽品种稻曲病抗性鉴定与评价

为明确辽宁省水稻主栽品种对稻曲病的抗性水平,从而为抗病品种选育、品种合理布局提供科学依据,在2015-2019年对辽宁省200个水稻主栽品种设置3个播期,在田间病圃内采用自然诱发法对稻曲病进行抗性鉴定和评价。结果显示,不同年度间、同年度不同播期间,水稻品种间抗性差异明显,不同穗型水稻稻曲病发生程度不同,且显著差异。随着播期的推迟,稻曲病的发生程度明显下降,并且年度间变化趋势基本一致。200个供试水稻品种中表现高抗（HR）和抗病（R）品种分别为5个（占2.5%）和34个（占17.0%）,中抗（MR）和中感（MS）品种分别为34个（占17.0%）和53个（占26.5%）,感病（S）和高感（HS）品种分别为46个（占23.0%）和28个（占14.0%）。整体上,抗∶中∶感品种数的比值为19.5∶43.5∶37.0,结果表明辽宁水稻主栽品种稻曲病抗性较差。

Resistance Evaluation of Main Rice Cultivars to False Smut Rice in Liaoning Province

The objective of this study is to provide theoretical and scientific support for rice resistance breeding against false smut disease in rice and rational distribution of rice cultivars. During 2015-2019, a resistance evaluation experiment of main rice cultivars to false smut of rice was carried out in Liaoning province. The total of 200 rice cultivars had been planted in disease nursery by three sowing dates. The results showed that the resistance grade of rice cultivars had significant differences between different years, three sowing dates and different panicle types. There was significant correlation of false smut of rice occurrence with different sowing dates. With the delay of sowing date, the degree of diseased panicles rate was decreased, the variation trend was the same annually. There were 5, 34, 34, 53, 46 and 28 cultivars of the 200 rice cultivars with HR, R, MR, MS, S and HS grade, respectively. The resistance grade between middle grade and susceptible grade ratio was 19.5:43.5:37.0. The resistance of Liaoning main rice cultivars to false smut disease was insufficient.