烤烟EMS诱变后代高香气突变体筛选

为筛选高香气且品质较优的烤烟后代,以中烟100为材料,采用EMS诱变技术对中烟100种子进行处理,筛选出2个叶面腺毛密度大的突变体材料,通过田间试验,对其叶面腺毛密度、叶面化学成分、烤后化学成分、香气物质含量和感官质量评吸等指标进行评估,并与正常中烟100后代和NC89进行对照。研究结果表明,EMS-2诱变株系腺毛密度最大,为65.55个/mm ²,分别是中烟100（37.19个/mm ²）和NC89（56.06个/mm ²）的1.8和1.2倍;叶面化学成分分析结果表明,EMS-1诱变株系西柏烷类和烷烃类含量最多,分别为57.18、5.16mg/m ²,EMS-2突变株系蔗糖酯类物质分泌较旺盛,含量最多,为0.33mg/m ²;烤后样化学成分分析结果表明,EMS-2突变株系化学成分含量较协调,且香气成分含量最多,达到890.32μg/g,分别比中烟100和NC89增加34.5%和29.0%;结合对诱变后代的感官评价,得出结论：诱变株系综合品质较好,可提高烟叶质量,EMS-2综合品质最好,可以作为待选株系进行下一步品种选育。

Screening of High Aroma Mutants from Progenies of EMS Mutagenized Flue-Cured Tobacco

In order to screen the high-aroma and high-quality flue-cured tobacco offspring, Zhongyan 100 was used as the experimental material, and EMS mutagenesis technology was employed to treat the Zhongyan 100 seed and screen out two mutations with high density of leaf glandular trichomes. The body material was evaluated by field test for its glandular trichomes density, chemical composition of the leaf surface, chemical composition after baking, aroma substance content and sensory quality evaluation, and compared with the normal tobacco Zhongyan 100 offspring and NC89. The results showed that the density of glandular trichomes of EMS-2 mutagenized strains was 1.8 times and 1.2 times that of Zhongyan 100 and NC89, respectively. The chemical composition analysis of leaf surface showed that EMS-1 mutagenized strains the contents of cembranes and alkanes were the highest. The content of the sucrose esters in the EMS-2 mutant strain was the most abundant. The chemical composition analysis of the EMS-2 mutant strain showed that the chemical components of the EMS-2 mutant strain were more harmonious, and the aroma components were the highest. Compared with Zhongyan 100 and NC89, it increased by 34.5% and 29.0%. Combined with the sensory evaluation of mutagenized offspring, it was concluded that the comprehensive quality of mutagenic strains was better, and the quality of tobacco leaves could be improved. The comprehensive quality of EMS-2 was the best and could be used as selected strains proceed to the next breeding.