不同油葵种植方式对银北灌区盐碱地土壤温度、含水率和电导率的影响

为了探究油葵不同种植方式对盐碱地土壤水、热、盐分布状况的影响,以平播（T1）为对照,开展了半膜平播（T2）、半膜平播+膜间覆秸秆（T3）、起垄沟播（T4）、起垄沟播+沟覆秸秆（T5）、垄膜沟播（T6）、垄膜沟播+沟覆秸秆（T7）等6种种植方式对油葵田土壤温度、水分和电导率的影响研究。结果表明：与对照相比,不同种植方式均提高了早上7:00时5cm深度的土温,但油葵花期土壤增温效果明显弱于苗期,垄膜沟播种植方式更有利于减缓地 表5cm深度土温的剧烈变化。与对照相比,在油葵苗期,T7和T6的0~20cm土层土壤含水率分别提高了6.30%和5.01%,20~40cm土层分别提高了6.00%和3.38%,在油葵开花期,土壤含水率较对照提高幅度有所降低。与播种前0~20cm土层土壤电导率相比,T6在苗期和开花期均有所下降,其中开花期下降了33.81%,T7在苗期略有增加,在开花期则略有下降,其他处理在苗期增加幅度较大。因此,在银北灌区油葵生产中,垄膜沟播是一种适宜的油葵种植方式。

Effects of Different Planting Patterns for Oil Sunflower on Saline-Alkali Soil Temperature,Moisture and Electrical Conductivity in Northern Yinchuan Irrigation District

To study the effects of different planting patterns for oil sunflower on the conditions of soil moisture, temperature and salinity in saline-alkali land of northern Yinchuan irrigation district, a field experiment was conducted to test soil temperature, moisture and electrical conductivity (EC) value under seven planting patterns, which included flat planting (CK, T1), flat planting with half film mulching (T2), half film mulching combined with straw mulching between films (T3), ridge-furrow planting (T4), ridge-furrow planting with straw mulching in furrows (T5), ridge mulching-furrow planting (T6), ridge mulching-furrow planting with straw mulching in furrows (T7). The results showed that the other six planting patterns all increased soil temperature of 5cm depth at 7:00. compared with CK, but the increasing effect of soil temperature at the flowering stage of oil sunflower was significantly weaker than that at the seedling stage. Ridge mulching-furrow planting (T6) could mitigate a drastic change for soil temperature of 5cm depth at 7:00. Compared with CK, soil moisture of 0-20cm depth soil layer for T7 and T6 treatments increased by 6.30% and 5.01%, respectively at the seedling stage, and soil moisture of 20-40cm depth soil layer increased by 6.00% and 3.38%, respectively. At the flowering stage, the soil moisture increased lower than that of the control. Compared with soil EC value of 0-20cm depth soil layer before oil sunflower sowing, soil EC value of T6 treatment decreased at the seedling stage, and decreased by 33.81% at the flowering stage, while soil EC value of T7 treatment increased slightly at the seedling stage and decreased slightly at the flowering stage. Soil EC value of other treatments had a larger increase at the seedling stage of oil sunflower. In conclusion, ridge mulching-furrow planting (T6) can be considered as an appropriate tillage practice for oil sunflower in northern Yinchuan irrigation district.