播期对直播水稻产量、花后各器官干物质和氮素积累及转运的影响

为探究播期对直播水稻产量、花后干物质和氮素积累与转运的影响,以水稻品种白粳1号、长白9号和龙粳31号为供试材料,设置3个播期（SD1、SD2和SD3）,比较不同播期条件下3个品种的产量、抽穗期和成熟期各器官干物质及氮素积累与转运特点。3个品种抽穗期和成熟期各器官干物质及氮素积累量、抽穗至成熟期各器官干物质及氮素转运量和产量均表现为SD2>SD3>SD1。相关分析表明,产量与成熟期穗干物质及氮素积累量呈显著正相关,与叶片干物质和氮素转运量呈显著正相关。在本试验条件下,播期的推迟提高了3个品种有效穗数及结实率,进而提高了产量,同时促进了各器官物质转运量与转运率的提高。各品种SD2处理的产量及花后干物质、氮素积累量最高,SD2为适宜播期。

Effects of Sowing Dates on Yield,Dry Matter and Nitrogen Accumulation and Translocationin Organs after Anthesis of Direct Seeding Rice

The present research aimed to explore effects of sowing date on yield of direct seeding rice, the accumulation and translocation of dry matter and nitrogen after anthesis. Direct seeding rice Baijing 1, Changbai 9 and Longjing 31 were used as experimental materials, and three sowing dates (SD1, SD2, SD3) were set up. The yield, the accumulation and translocation of dry matter and nitrogen at the heading and maturity stage under three different sowing dates were determined. The results showed that the dry matter and nitrogen accumulation of each organ of the three varieties at heading stage and maturity stage, the dry matter and nitrogen transport of each organ from heading to maturity stage are shown as SD2 > SD3 > SD1. Correlation analysis indicated that existed significiant positive correlations between yield and dry matter accumulation at maturity stage, from heading to maturity stage, significiant positive correlations between yield and dry matter translocation of leaf at maturity stage. Under the experimental condition, the delayed sowing date, the productive panicle number and seed setting rate of the varieties were increased, and enhanced the yield, increased dry matter translocation amount and translocation rate of each organ. The yield, accumulation amount of dry matter and nitrogen of all varieties were the highest under SD2 treatment, and the SD2 treatment was the suitable sowing date.