水条播对寒地水稻农艺性状和产量构成因素的影响

随着劳动力的短缺,直播水稻具有省工省力的优点逐渐受到重视,因此筛选适宜水条播（直播）的水稻品种是极其重要的。为此,以29份寒地水稻为材料,采用随机区组试验设计,研究水条播对寒地水稻农艺性状、产量构成因素和产量的影响。结果表明,水条播对寒地水稻单位面积穗数的影响为偏正向,对株高、穗长、穗重、一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数、穗粒数、成粒率、千粒重、生物产量、经济系数和理论产量的影响都是偏负向的。水条播提高了穗重、一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数、单位面积穗数、穗粒数、成粒率、千粒重、生物产量、经济系数和理论产量的变异程度,而千粒重的变异系数较小。穗重、成粒率和生物产量对水条播反应较敏感的材料,一般其理论产量对水条播的反应也较敏感。

Effects of Sowing in Line under Water on Agronomic Characters and Yield Components of Rice in Cold Region

In recent years, with the shortage of labor, the advantages of saving labor of direct seeding rice have gradually received attention, so it is extremely important to choose rice varieties suitable for sowing in line under water (direct seeding). To this end, using 29 rice varieties from cold region as materials, the effects of sowing in line under water on agronomic traits, yield components and yield of rice in cold region were studied by randomized block design. The effects of sowing in line under water on panicle number per unit area of rice in cold region was positive, the effects on plant height, panicle length, panicle weight, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of grains per panicle, grain formation rate, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, economic coefficient and theoretical yield were negative. Sowing in line under water increased the variability of panicle weight, primary branch number, secondary branch number, panicle number per unit area, grain number per panicle, grain formation rate, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, economic coefficient and theoretical yield, while the variation coefficient of 1000-grain weight was smaller, and it response to sowing in line under water was slow. The response of panicle weight, grain formation rate and biomass to sowing in line under water was more sensitive, and the response of theoretical yield to sowing in line under water was also more sensitive.