不同杀菌剂对向日葵菌核病的田间防治效果

为探明不同杀菌剂对向日葵菌核病的田间防治效果,采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法测定5种杀菌剂对向日葵菌核病菌的菌丝生长和子囊孢子萌发的抑制作用,并进行田间防治试验。结果表明,20%吡噻菌胺SC对菌丝生长的抑制作用最强,EC₅₀值为0.0302μg/mL,其次为75%拿敌稳WG和50%啶酰菌胺WG,EC₅₀值分别为0.0370和0.2152μg/mL。50%啶酰菌胺WG对菌核病菌子囊孢子的抑制作用最强,EC₅₀值为0.0563μg/mL。田间试验结果显示,50%啶酰菌胺WG对向日葵菌核病的防治效果最好,防效达到89.68%,可有效改善向日葵相关农艺性状,较对照增产34.58%。综合室内毒力试验和田间药效试验结果,50%啶酰菌胺WG对向日葵菌核病的防治效果较好,可作为田间控制病害的轮换药剂。

Effects of Different Fungicides on Field Control of Sunflower Sclerotinia Rot

In order to find out the field control effect of different fungicides on sunflower Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, using the methods of mycelial growth rate and spore germination to determine the inhibitory effects of five fungicides on the mycelial growth and ascospore germination of sunflower Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. A field control test was conducted, and the results showed that 20% penthiopyrod SC had the strongest inhibitory effect on mycelial growth, with the EC₅₀ value of 0.0302μg/mL, followed by 75% nadiwen WG and 50% boscalid WG, with the EC₅₀ values of 0.0370 and 0.2152μg/mL, respectively. The inhibitory effect of 50% boscalid WG on ascospores was strongest, with the EC₅₀ value of 0.0563μg/mL. Field test results showed that the control effect of 50% boscalid WG (89.68%) on sunflower Sclerotinia was the best, with an yield increase of 34.58% compared with the control, and effectively improved agronomic-related traits. Comprehensive consideration of indoor virulence and field medicine, the results of the efficacy test showed that 50% boscalid WG had a good control effect on sunflower Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and can be used as a rotating fungicide in field.