播期和密度对马铃薯原种扩繁生长发育及产量的影响

在马铃薯原种生产中,播种密度和播种期对原种繁育的产量、种薯大小等有着明显的影响。选用当地主栽品种大西洋,于2017-2018年在山丹县冷凉区域,同一地点开展不同播期和密度试验。播种选择4月25日、5月5日、5月15日、5月25日和6月5日,种植密度设置60 000、90 000、120 000、150 000和180 000粒/hm ² 5个水平。结果表明,在当地的栽培模式大垄双行覆膜种植下,4月25日-5月15日播种,播种密度为120 000、150 000粒/hm ²,产量在45 285~46 770kg/hm ²,中种薯率在75.3%~79.6%,合格种薯多,均为最高,且此范围产量差异不显著。考虑到节约原原种投入降低成本,生产中优选120 000粒/hm ²的播种密度,在4月25日-5月15日种植,是大西洋原种繁育的最佳选择方案。

Effects of Sowing Dates and Densities on Propagation,Growth and Yield of Potato Seeds

In the production of potato seed, the sowing density and sowing date have obvious influence on the yield of seed and the size of tubers. Main local variety 'Atlantic' was selected to carry out different sowing dates and density experiments in the cold and cool area of Shandan County from 2017 to 2018. Five different sowing dates was selected on i.e. April 25th, May 5th, May 15th, May 25th and June 5th. Planting density was set at five levels: 60 000, 90 000, 120 000, 150 000 and 180 000 granule/ha. The results showed that under big ridge and two lines film mulching during the period from April 25th to May 15th with planting density of 120 000 and 150 000 granule/ha, the yield was 45 285-46 770kg/ha, the rate of medium potato is 75.3%-79.6%, There are many qualified seed potatoes, all of which are the highest, and the yield difference in this range is not significant. Considering saving the input of original seeds and reducing the cost the optimal planting density of 120 000 granule/ha is preferred in the production and planted between April 25th and May 15th is the best choice for ‘Atlantic’ potato seed breeding.