辽宁省不同熟期水稻品质性状分析

对辽宁省不同熟期水稻品种品质性状进行综合分析,为水稻优质育种和栽培提供参考。以辽宁省中早熟、中熟、中晚熟和晚熟4个熟期65个品种（系）为试验材料,分析辽宁省不同熟期水稻品种（系）品质性状差异及其相关关系。结果表明,垩白粒率、垩白度、透明度的变异系数较大,不同熟期间表现基本一致。4个熟期中中早熟品种（系）的品质性状整体较好,只有垩白度的优质米达标率较低,说明垩白性状是今后水稻品质改良的重点。相关分析表明,垩白粒率、垩白度均与直链淀粉含量呈极显著正相关,与胶稠度呈显著负相关,糙米率与精米率、整精米率、胶稠度呈极显著正相关。辽宁省水稻优质育种可通过合理调整直链淀粉含量,降低垩白粒率和垩白度,提高整精米率,实现品质的整体改善。

Analysis on Quality Traits of Rice Varieties(Lines) with Different Maturity Stages in Liaoning Province

The quality traits of rice varieties different in maturity in Liaoning Province were comprehensively analyzed to provide reference for rice quality breeding and cultivation. Sixty-five rice varieties (lines) with varying maturity time were studied to analyze the difference in quality traits and their correlation between rice varieties (lines) different in maturity in Liaoning Province. The results showed that the variation coefficients of chalky grain rate, chalkiness degree and transparency were high, and the performance was basically the same between rice varieties (lines), differ in maturity. The quality traits of the early-maturity varieties (lines) were good overall, and the high quality rate of chalkiness was low, which indicated that chalkiness characters were the key points of rice quality improvement in the future. Correlation analysis showed that chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree were positively correlated with amylose content and negatively correlated with gel consistency. Brown rice percentage was significantly positive correlated with milled rice percentage, head rice percentage, and gel consistency. The rice quality breeding in Liaoning Province can reduce the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree, improve the head rice percentage, and achieve the overall improvement of quality by adjusting the amylose content reasonably.