基于SNP标记的爆裂玉米农家品种遗传多样性

为了评价广西爆裂玉米农家品种的遗传多样性,利用56K SNP芯片技术对中国广西45个爆裂玉米农家品种、中国2个爆裂玉米杂交种和6个南美爆裂玉米种质进行全基因组扫描,获得多态性标记14 338个,基因分型为6 种类型。其中A/G类型最多,为5 805个;A/T类型最少,为149个。1号染色体的多态性SNP位点最多,为2 302个;10号染色体最少,为848个。45个农家品种间平均遗传相似系数为0.62,变幅为0.41~0.99,总体遗传相似度高。聚类分析将参试品种划分为三大类群,相同来源的农家品种大多聚在一起;主成分分析显示大部分农家品种聚在一起,与杂交品种和南美品种之间没有交集,表明农家品种遗传相似性较高,与杂交品种和南美品种遗传差异较大。

Genetic Diversity of Popcorn Landraces Based on SNP Markers

In order to evaluate the genetic variation of popcorn landraces in Guangxi, 45 popcorn landraces of Guangxi and two popcorn hybrids from China and six popcorn germplasm resources from South America were analyzed for SNP genotyping using the Illumina 56K iSelect SNP chip. The 14 338 polymorphic markers were obtained. Based on SNP markers, genotypes were divided into six types, of which a maximum of 5 805 was of type A/G, and the least of 149 was of type A/T, the number of which on chromosome 1 was the largest (2 302), and chromosome 10 was the least (848). The genetic similarity of 45 landraces ranged from 0.41 to 0.99 with an average value of 0.62. The varieties were classified into three groups by NJ-tree analyses. Most of the same regions of landraces belonged to a group. Principal component analysis showed that most of the landraces get together. There was no intersection between the South America varieties and the materials of the landraces and the hybrids. The results indicated the high genetic similarity of the landraces, and the genetic differences between landraces and the materials of hybrids and South America varieties was significant.