大豆籽粒生育酚及其组分含量鉴定与优异种质筛选

生育酚（维生素E）具有防止人体动脉硬化、降低胆固醇、增强血液循环和防治心血管疾病等多种功效。大豆较其他植物含有更为丰富的生育酚,但目前大规模筛选优异种质的工作开展较少且研究不够深入。鉴于此,利用299份大豆品种资源,通过高效液相色谱法测定其籽粒生育酚及其组分含量,明确其遗传变异及相关性,并筛选生育酚含量高的特异种质。结果表明,供试大豆品种生育酚及其组分含量存在丰富的遗传变异,其δ-、γ-、α-生育酚及总生育酚平均含量分别为44.15、143.05、66.81及254.01μg/g,变异系数在15.37%~38.04%之间,α-生育酚变异系数最高;3种成分占总含量比值分别为17.47%、56.57%和25.96%,变异系数为11.78%~32.21%,α-生育酚比值变异系数最高;同时发现,总含量与3种组分含量间的相关系数均达到极显著水平,δ-生育酚与γ-及α-生育酚的相关系数也达极显著水平;基于各供试品种生育酚及其组分含量,将其分为3类,并筛选出13份高生育酚含量特异种质,其中包括黑河44、合丰50、合农75和绥农28等,为今后通过常规及分子育种方法实现生育酚及其组分含量遗传改良奠定了材料基础。

Screening of Elite Germplasms and Identification of Seed Tocopherol and Its Component Contents in Soybean

Tocopherol (vitamin E) has many important medical functions, such as preventing and curing arteriosclerosis, lowering cholesterol, enhancing blood circulation, preventing and curing cardiovascular diseases, and so on. Soybean contains a relatively higher amount tocopherol than other plants, while need more widely elite germplasm identification and further studies. Because of this, two hundred and ninety-nine soybean varieties were analyzed for their tocopherol and its component contents through the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, and the genetic variations, correlation relationships, and elite germplasms were screened out. The results showed that it existed relative wide genetic variations of tocopherol and its components in the soybeans, and the δ-, γ-, α-, total tocopherol contents were 44.15, 143.05, 66.81, and 254.01μg/g, respectively, with the variation coefficients 15.37%-38.04%, the variation coefficients of α-tocopherol was the highest. The ratio of δ-/total, γ-/total, α-/total were 17.47%, 56.57%, and 25.96%, respectively, with the variation coefficients of 11.78%-32.21%, the ratio of α-/total was the highest. Meanwhile, highly significant correlations were detected between the total tocopherol and its three components, and the correlations between δ- and γ-, α-tocopherol were also extremely significant. Based on the contents of tocopherol and its components, the soybean varieties were divided into three groups, and thirteen elite germplasms with higher tocopherol contents were screened out, including Heihe 44, Hefeng 50, Henong 75, and Suinong 28 which can be used in the genetic improvement of tocopherol and its component contents through conventional and molecular breeding methods in the future.