外源褪黑素对红小豆生长、光合荧光特性及产量构成因素的影响

以黑龙江省主栽红小豆品种珍珠红为供试材料,采用盆栽方式,分别在苗期、花荚期和鼓粒期喷施0（CK）、50、100和200μmol/L褪黑素,探讨外源褪黑素对红小豆生长、光合荧光特性和产量构成因素的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,50、100和200μmol/L褪黑素处理均能增加红小豆株高、叶面积和干物质积累,提高红小豆净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度、最大光化学效率和潜在光化学活性,且褪黑素浓度为100μmol/L时各指标提高幅度最大。在苗期、花荚期、鼓粒期喷施100μmol/L褪黑素处理的红小豆单株粒重分别为5.53、6.13和5.90g,与CK相比分别增加了6.3%、12.1%和9.5%。综上可知,红小豆花荚期喷施100μmol/L褪黑素增产效果最显著。

Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Growth,Photosynthetic Fluorescence Characteristics and Yield Components of Adzuki Bean

In order to study the effects of exogenous melatonin on the growth, photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics and yield components of adzuki bean Zhenzhuhong, the main adzuki bean variety in Heilongjiang province, was used in pot culture, different concentrations of melatonin (0, 50, 100, 200μmol/L) were sprayed at seedling stage, flowering and podding stage and seed filling stage. The results showed that, compared with the control, the treatments of 50, 100 and 200μmol/L melatonin increased plant height, leaf area, dry matter accumulation, net photosynthetic rate (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r), stomatal conductance (G_s), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i), maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m) and potential photochemical activity (F_v/F_o), and the treatment of 100μmol/L melatonin had the greatest improvement. The grain weight per plant of adzuki bean were 5.53, 6.13 and 5.90g at seedling stage, flowering and pod stage and seed filling stage, respectively, which increased by 6.3%, 12.1% and 9.5% compared with CK. In conclusion, spraying 100μmol/L melatonin at flowering and pod stage of adzuki bean had the most significant increase effect on yield.