春小麦籽粒灌浆过程淀粉和蛋白质积累规律的初步研究

利用蛋白质含量和产量各异的３个春小麦品种，Ｒｏｂｌｉｎ、东农７７４２和新克旱９号，研究了灌浆过程中可溶性性糖、淀粉和蛋白质积累规律，结果表明：籽粒灌浆过程中可溶性糖含量由开花１４天开始逐渐减少，成熟期达最低值，品种间的差异仅表现以１４天和２０天两个时期：淀粉积累动态与可溶性糖变化规律相反，随灌浆成熟而逐渐增加，品种间差异达显著水平；蛋白质积累动态年际间稍有差异，总的趋势是随灌浆成熟而逐渐增加，开花

Preliminary Studies on the Accumulation of Grain Starch and Protein during Grain Filling in Wheat

The accumulation of starch and protein during grain filling of three wheat genotypes differing in both protein content and yield were investigated. The results showed that the soluble sugar content decreased gradually from 14 days after anthesis, and reached the lowest value at maturity. Significant differences among cultivars were observed only at 14 days and 20 days after anthesis. The accumulation of grain starch was contrary to that of soluble sugar, i. e. the starch content increased as the grain developed, and significant differences were found among cultivars. There were a slight yearly variation with the protein accumulation, but the general trend was that the protein content increased during grain filling. The soluble sugar content at 14 days after anthesis was related to the starch and protein content at maturity, particu arly the protein content. The starch and protein content of mature grains were negatively correlated. The high protein cultivar showed higher protein-accumulating ability even at the initial stage of grain filling, the high starch content cultivar showed the same tendency, and the high protein and high yield cultivar had both higher protein-accumulating ability and higher starch-accumulating ability. It is possible to select cultivars with both improved yield and higher protein content.