利用SSR标记分析野生小豆及其近缘野生植物的遗传多样性

利用28对SSR引物对96份野生小豆资源、小豆近缘野生植物及栽培小豆品种进行遗传多样性分析,共检测到255个等位变异,平均每对SSR引物9.10个,多态信息含量的变异范围从0.374到0.865,平均为0.722。野生小豆材料和近缘植物Vigna minima遗传变异丰富。来自不同地域的野生小豆材料具有大量特异等位变异,基于非加权成组配对算术平均法的聚类分析可将不同地理来源的野生小豆单独分群,且与主坐标分析的结果相一致。4份栽培小豆材料与日本野生小豆遗传距离较近,表明目前国内小豆育种中较多使用了含有日本血缘的小豆材料,以及国内野生小豆资源的搜集和利用工作落后于日本。本研究对国内野生小豆资源的搜集和保存具有指导意义,并可以为这些资源的评价、利用和优异基因的发掘提供参考。

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Wild Adzuki Bean Germplasm and Its Relatives by Using SSR Markers

Wild Adzuki bean (V. angularis var. nipponensis) germplasm and its relatives are very important materials for adzuki bean breeding. In this paper, genetic diversity of 96 accessions of wild types, relatives and cultivated adzuki beans were analyzed by using 28 pairs of polymorphic SSR makers. The results showed that a total of 255 alleles were detected in all the accessions. The average number of allele per SSR locus was 9.10. The range of genetic diversity index (polymorphic information content, PIC value) was from 0.374 to 0.865, with an average of 0.722. The results revealed that there were abundant genetic variations between wild adzuki bean and its relatives Vigna minima. Both cluster and principal coordinate analysis (PCO analysis) suggested that there was a high genetic differentiation between wild adzuki beans and its relatives, and they could be distinguished from each other clearly according to their origins, suggesting that the locations of wild adzuki bean accessions affect their genetic variations. When analyzed the relationship between adzuki bean varieties and wild adzuki bean accessions, we found that their genetic distance was more closer to Japanese wild adzuki bean accessions than to domestic accessions, indicating that more Japanese adzuki bean accessions were used in Chinese adzuki bean breeding, and showing that our works for domestic wild adzuki bean resources collection and use is behind Japan. The present study provides some information in collection and conservation of domestic wild adzuki bean accessions, and the result is useful for evaluating and using these resources to find useful genes.