水稻57H突变体glup-t的遗传分析与基因定位

谷蛋白是水稻胚乳中主要的贮藏蛋白，约占总蛋白的80%。谷蛋白最初在粗糙内质网表面以57 kD前体的形式合成，这些前体经加工转运等过程，最终沉积在第二类蛋白体PB-II中，裂解为成熟的酸碱性亚基。任一谷蛋白转运步骤的缺陷都有可能导致谷蛋白57 kD前体的积累，形成谷蛋白前体增加突变体，即57H突变体。细老鼠牙是一个57H自然突变体，其57 kD谷蛋白前体增加而相应的37~39 kD酸性和22~23 kD碱性亚基减少，此外，该突变体还表现为13 kD醇溶蛋白大大增加。本研究以细老鼠牙与武运粳7号、02428杂交获得的F₂群体为材料，对57H突变体进行遗传分析和基因定位，结果表明，细老鼠牙的57H突变性状受1对隐性核基因控制，暂命名为glup-t。利用简单重复序列(simple sequence repeat, SSR)、插入缺失(insertion deletion, Indel)和酶切扩增多态性序列(cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence, CAPS)等分子标记的方法，将该突变基因glup-t定位在水稻第4染色体长臂上的CAPS4-3与Indel4-7、Indel4-8之间，遗传距离均为0.26 cM。

Genetic Analysis and Mapping of glup-t Gene for 57H Mutant in Rice

Glutelins are major storage protein and account for 80% of the total protein found in starchy endosperm in rice. They are synthesized on rough endoplasmic reticulum as 57 kD precursors, and then processed into acidic and basic subunits in PB-II. Mutation of the gene controlling the synthesis of glutelin will result in an formation with high amount of 57 kD glutelin precursor, named 57H mutant. In this study, we reported a novel rice 57H spontaneous mutant, Xilaoshuya, which showed increased amount of 57 kD ...