川东南冬水田杂交中稻进一步高产的栽培策略

以18个杂交中稻组合为材料，研究了川东南冬水田杂交中稻进一步高产的策略及其栽培技术。结果表明，根据该地区日照条件差的生态特点，采用稀植足肥促进扩“库”增“源”的高产栽培策略，即通过超稀植降低苗峰，改善群体光照条件，提高成穗率，适当降低有效穗数，大幅度提高每穗着粒数，在保持高产适宜叶面积指数条件下扩大库容量；增施氮肥补充光合源，保证在高粒叶比情况下有较好的籽粒充实度。核心技术是栽秧9.0万穴 hm^-2、施氮210 kg。2004年、2005年生产示范分别比传统高产栽培技术增产11.86%~18.31%和14.32%~17.76%，其中超高产田经四川省科技厅组织同行专家现场验收，产量高达10.81~11.05 t hm^-2，创该生态区杂交中稻高产历史纪录。

Cultivation Strategy of Hybrid Mid-Season Rice for Further High Yield in Winter Water-Logged Field in the Southeast of Sichuan Province

Under the atmospheric phenomena of high temperature and summer drought condition in the south-east districts of Sichuan province, the percentage of productive panicle were very low and the grain filling rate was very poor of rice, so the difficulty of rice grain yield were further increased be very high. In this treatise, eighteen hybrid rice combinations were used to study the cultivation strategy and its technology of hybrid mid-season rice for further high yield in winter water-logged field. Due to the very poor sunlight condition in the eastern and southern districts of Sichuan province, a high yield cultivation strategy of hybrid mid-season rice with super sparse cultivation was used to decrease the number of top tillers, improve sunlight condition of population, raise the percentage of productive panicle, moderately decrease the number of productive panicles, significantly increase spikelets per panicle, so that the sink was increased with the leaf area index of high yield. With raising the level of nitrogen application photosynthesis source was replenished to maintain normal grain filling under high grain-leaf ratio. The key cultivation technology was a planting density of 9×10⁴ hill ha^-1 and a total of 210 kg ha^-1 N application during the entire growth period, by which the yield was increased by 11.86%–18.31% and 14.32%–17.76% compared with traditional cultivation (CK) in the productive demonstration in 2004 and 2005, the highest yield in some plots reached to 10.81–11.05 t ha^-1.