磷对甘蓝型油菜产量及矿质营养吸收与积累的影响

选用湖北省大别山南麓的马肝泥稻田缺磷土壤，在盆栽条件下，研究了6个油菜品种施磷肥的效果。结果显示，施磷条件下，苗期干物重较不施磷处理增加8.33~14.79倍，单株籽粒产量增加16.6~68.0倍；各品种增产率为中双6号>中油821>中油杂2号>中油杂1号>中双4号>中双7号，其中中双7号、中双4号和中油杂1号较耐低磷；施磷能增加油菜不同生长时期植株地上部和成熟期籽粒的P、K含量，以及成熟期籽粒Mo、Mg含量，降低油菜苗期植株地上部N、Mg、S、Fe含量，成熟期植株地上部N、Zn含量以及籽粒S含量，而Ca和大多数微量元素的苗期植株浓度、成熟期籽粒浓度不同品种变化不一；施磷使植株各种养分的积累量均较大增加。

Effect of Phosphorus on Yield and Mineral Nutrient Absorption and Accumulation in Rape seed(Brassica napus L.)

In agricultural systems,low soil phosphorus availability is a primary constrain to the improvement of crop yield and quality.In order to investigate the effect of phosphorus on yield and mineral nutrient absorption and accumulation in oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.),a pot experiment using six cultivars was conducted in Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences during the rape growing season from October,2001 to May,2002.The soil used in this study was the Magan soil short of efficient phosphorus,from the South of Dabie Mountains in Hubei Province.The results showed that the seedling dry weight and seed weight per plant were increased by 8.3314.79 and 16.6068.00 times,respectively in all the six cultivars with phosphorus application compared to those without phosphorus.The yield increasing rate was Zhongshuang 6>Zhongyou 821>Zhongyouza 2>Zhongyouza 1>Zhongshuang 4>Zhongshuang 7.Of them,Zhongshuang 7,Zhongshuang 4 and Zhongyouza 1 might be more tolerant to low soil phosphorus availability.The contents of phosphorus and potassium in aboveground parts at different stages and in seeds at maturity and the contents of molybdenum and magnesium in seeds at maturity were increased,and those of nitrogen,magnesium,sulfur and iron in aboveground parts and sulfur in seeds at maturity were decreased in the treatment of phosphorus application,whereas the contents of calcium and most micronutrients in seedlings and seeds were variegated in different cultivars.However,the accumulation of all the nutrient elements tested in the study was increased largely by phosphorus application.