基于GYT双标图对西北内陆棉区国审棉花品种的分类评价

西北内陆棉区是我国最重要的主产棉区,对该棉区历年国审棉花品种进行科学分类和综合评价有利于国审品种资源的合理利用和棉花生产效率的提升。本研究采用GYT双标图分析对2003—2019年期间西北内陆棉区37个国审棉花品种的产量与霜前花率、纤维长度、比强度、马克隆值、枯萎病指数和黄萎病指数等性状的组合水平进行了综合分析和品种分类评价。结果表明,西北内陆棉区37个国审棉花品种可划分为3个特征明显的品种类型。其中,I型品种包括新陆早13号、中棉所49、新陆早21号、巴13222、新46、天云0769、Z1112、新石K18、J206-5、新石K21、禾棉A9-9、创棉508、H33-1-4、金科20、新K28、创棉512和J8031等17个品种,是产量与其余性状组合协调最好的品种类型,在生产上推广应用价值最高。II型品种产量和纤维品质表现一般,抗病性差,在当前生产上应用价值有限。III型品种的抗枯萎病性表现最好,但在其余性状上表现略差,综合生产应用价值有限,也许可作为抗病亲本应用。同时,根据各品种的理想指数筛选出创棉512、J8031、新K28、H33-1-4、金科20、新陆早13号和创棉508等综合表现优良的品种,也鉴别出新陆棉1号、新陆早33号、创棉501号和新陆早51号等综合表现相对略差的品种。本研究采用的GYT双标图分析方法是基于“产量-性状”组合水平对品种进行综合评价和分类研究,产量-性状组合之间的相关关系更加简单,多数组合间表现显著正相关,更适用于品种的多性状直观选择和综合评价,通常比先前的GT双标图解释的变异比率高,双标图模型拟合度更好,结果更可靠。本研究采用GYT双标图分析方法对西北内陆棉区国审品种的分类研究揭示了该棉区国审棉花品种的分类特征和应用价值,为本区的国家棉花品种试验审定提供了借鉴,也为其他作物品种的类似研究提供了范例。

Retrospective evaluation of cotton varieties nationally registered for the Northwest Inland cotton growing regions based on GYT biplot analysis

The Northwest inland cotton growing regions(NICR)is currently the most important cotton producing area in China.The scientific classification and comprehensive evaluation of national cotton varieties over the years in this cotton area is beneficial to the rational utilization of national cotton varieties resources and the improvement of cotton production efficiency.According to the national registration bulletins of cotton cultivars,up to 37 cotton cultivars in this region were registered in the national level from 2003 to 2019.These cultivars were evaluated and classified using genotype by yield-trait(GYT)biplot analysis based on their levels in combine with lint cotton yield and other important characteristics including pre-frost yielding rate(PFR),fiber length,fiber strength,micronaire,fusarirum wilt index(FWI),and verticillium wilt index(VWI).Results showed that the 37 cotton cultivars can be clustered into three types with distinct trait profiles.Type I consisted of 17 cotton cultivars,namely Xinluzao 13,Zhongmiansuo 49,Xinluzao 21,Ba 13222,Xin 46,Tianyun 0769,Z1112,Xinshi K18,J206-5,Xinshi K21,Hemian A9-9,Chuangmian 508,H33-1-4,Jinke 20,Xin K28,Chuangmian 512,and J8031,showing high levels of combinations between yield and other target traits,and was the most suitable for cotton production in the region.Type II was characterized by poor performance in FWI,and moderate yielding ability and fiber quality traits,and was of limited application in this area.Type III was characterized by an excellent performance in FWI but poor performance on the other traits,and cultivars of this type may be useful for sources of disease resistance.Cultivars Chuangmian 512,J8031,Xin K28,H33-1-4,Jinke 20,Xinluzao 13,and Chuangmian 508 were selected for their high superiority index,such as high levels of combination between yield and other traits,while Xinlumian 1,Xinluzao 33,Chuangmian 501,and Xinluz 51 were inferior in this context.The GYT biplot analysis in this study differed from traditional index selection in that it was based on the combinatoin level of yield and other traits rather than on the levels of individual traits.In GYT biplot the various yield-trait combinaitons tended to be positievly correlated,allowing for easy visualizationand objective selection of cultivars based on multiple traits.Compared with the more traditional genotype by trait(GT)biplot,GYT biplot normally explained more of the total variation and achieve higher goodness of fit.In addition,the method used in this study could be applied to other regions and crops in this reasearch topic.