杂交稻抗二化螟的胞质遗传效应分析

以一套6种细胞质的同核异质广亲和不育系和两套同质(野败型和印水型)异核不育系与恢复系蜀恢162和密阳46配组的F1为材料，测定二化螟的幼虫存活率、幼虫体重和田间水稻枯心率，分析了不育系的细胞质、细胞核和质核互作对二化螟抗性的遗传效应。结果表明，二化螟幼虫在同核异质不育系的矮败型“国广2A”、D型“国广4A”、印水型“国广5A”和K型“国广6A”上的体重显著低于在野败型“国广1A”和冈型“国广3A”上的；在国广4A和国广5A上的枯心率(12.9%和14.1%)显著低于在其他同核异质不育系上的。水稻枯心率在野败型和印水型同质异核不育系的2种不育系之间均表现出显著差异。同核异质不育系和印水型同质异核不育系对二化螟存活率没有细胞质效应和质核互作效应。同核异质不育系的质核互作效应(47.1%)和细胞质效应(29.4%)是影响幼虫体重的主要因素；细胞核效应(76.0%)、细胞质(12.1%)和质核互作效应(10.4%)都影响着水稻枯心率。野败型同质异核不育系的细胞核效应(78.5%)是影响幼虫体重的主要因素，其次是细胞质效应(17.7%)；枯心率受到细胞核效应(58.5%)和质核互作效应(35.7%)的影响。印水型同质异核不育系影响幼虫体重和枯心率的质核互作效应分别是26.5%和66.9%；影响幼虫体重的还有细胞核效应(50.7%)和细胞质效应(21.9%)。

Genetic Effects of Cytoplasm and Nucleoplasmic Interaction on Resistance to Chilo suppressalis in Hybrid Rice

Two restorer lines "Shuhui 162" and "Miyang 46" were crossed with one set of the wide-compatible,homonucleus-heteroplasmic(HN-HP) cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS) lines containing 6 different types of cytoplasm and two sets of homoplasm-heteronuclear(HP-HN) CMS lines containing the cytoplasmic types of wild abortion(WA) and Indonesia paddy rice(IPR),generating F1 hybrids.Resistance to Chilo suppressalis was investigated in greenhouse and rice field with percentage of larval survival,larval body weight and percentage of rice dead heart(DH).Genetic effects of cytoplasm,nucleus,and nucleoplasmic interaction(NPI) on the resistance to C.suppressalis were analyzed.Insect resistance bioassays revealed that in the HN-HP CMS lines,the larval body weight on the dwarf-abortive "Guoguang 2A",D-type "Guoguang 4A"(G-4A),Indonesia paddy rice "Guoguang 5A"(G-5A) and K-type "Guoguang 6A" were significantly lower than those on the wild abortive "Guoguang 1A" and Gang-type "Guoguang 3A".The percentages of(DH) in G-4A(12.9%) and G-5A(14.1%) were significantly lower than those in the rest of the HN-HP CMS lines.Significant difference was found in the DH percentage between the WA and IPR in HP-HN CMS lines.Analysis of genetic effects indicated that there were no effects of cytoplasm and nucleoplasmic interaction on larval survival rate both in the HN-HP CMS lines and in the IPR HP-HN CMS lines.On the HN-HP CMS lines,larval body weight was mainly affected by NPI(47.1%) and cytoplasmic effect(CE)(29.4%),and DH percentage affected by nuclear effect(NE)(76.0%),CE(12.1%),and NPI(10.4%).On the WA HN-HP CMS lines, larval body weight was mainly affected by NE(78.5%) and CE(17.7%);NE(58.5%) and NPI(35.7%) affected DH percentage.NPI affected both larval body weight and DH percentage,with 26.5% and 66.9% in the IPR HN-HP CMS lines,respectively.Larval body weight was also affected by NE(50.7%) and CE(21.9%).