我国主要玉米自交系开花期耐旱性差异及改良

通过对37份我国主要玉米自交系两年的开花期耐旱性鉴定, 筛选出耐旱系12份(K22、 SH15、 X178、 P138、中自01、中自451、金黄96B、齐319、旱23、东91、临京11、 CA156). 在干旱胁迫下, 果穗吐丝延迟, 雌雄开花间隔增大, 结穗率下降, 籽粒产量严重降低; 雌雄开花间隔天数和结穗率与籽粒产量均呈极显著相关, 是可供耐旱性选择

Genetic Diversity of Drought Tolerance at Flowering Time in Elite Maize Germplasm

Thirty seven elite maize ( Zea mays L.) inbred lines were evaluated for drought tolerance at flowering time under field conditions in 1999 and 2000. The results showed that 12 lines (K22, SH15, X178, P138, Zhongzi01, Zhongzi451, Jinhuang96B, Qi319, Han23, Dong91, Linjing11, CA156) were drought tolerant. Under drought stress, a delay in silk emergence resulted in a long anthesis silking interval (ASI), low ear setting percentage, and yield heavy losses. Both ASI and ear setting percentage were significantly correlated with grain yield under drought stress, indicating that these two traits could be used as the indicators for germplasm improvement for drought tolerance. The genetic diversity of 38 lines for drought tolerance was investigated by SSR markers. Forty seven primers produced 156 polymorphic amplified fragments, which classified 38 inbreds into 6 distinct groups. Nine drought tolerant inbreds were found in 4 groups (B, C, E, F), respectively. Group E was identified as an important group for drought tolerance. The study provided useful information for germplasm improvement of maize for drought tolerance at flowering time.