冬小麦若干品质性状遗传及相关的研究

F_1的沉淀值、伯尔辛克值介于双亲之间,前者以正向部分显性为主,后者以负向部分显性为主,与中亲值相关显蔟,遗传力高,表明这两个性状在杂交后代易于获得遗传进展。相反,蛋白含量在 F_1出现了各种类型的表现,很难指出以哪种遗传形式为主,与中亲值无显著相关,遗传力低,表明高蛋白育种较难。但在 F_2、F_3中各组合都出现了蛋白含量超亲的植株或系统,超亲分离程度与双亲差距、F_1特殊配合力、相对优势和高蛋白亲本的一般配合力有关。沉淀值、伯尔辛克值与抽穗期、株高、千粒重之间无显著相关。沉淀值与粉质仪测定的面团流变学特性呈极显著相关,但与容重、出粉率、面粉蛋白含量、干、湿面筋含量、面粉吸水性相关不显著。结果表明,提高沉淀值,伯尔辛克值、角质率、容重和出粉率有助于协调小麦营养品质、加工品质、高产和稳产性之间的关系。

Studies on Inheritance and Correlation of Some Quality Characteristics in Winter Wheat

F_1's sedimentation value(Zeleny)and Pelshenke value expressed intermediatebetween the two parents,the former mainly showed positive partial dominence and the latter was negative partial dominence.The phenotypic values of the two characters in F_1were significantly correlated with mid-parent values,and showed higher heritability,indicating that the genetic advance in progeny would be easy obtained by selection.Onthe contrary, protein percentage in grain in F_1 presented a different hereditary form,andnot being significantly correlated with mid-parent value,having lower heritability,indicating that it is not easy to breed wheat for high protein.However,there occured thetransgressive plants in F_2 and lines in F_3 generations for protein in all crosses,the extentof transgressive segregation correlated with difference between the two parents,SCA,relativedominance in F_1 and the GCA of high protein parent.Any significant correlation wasnot found between sedimentation value,Pelshenke value and heading stage,plant height,thousand grain weight.Sedimentation value significantly correlated with doughrheological properties(dough development time,stability,breakdown time,width ofband,mixing tolerance index,degree of softening,and valorimeter value)but notsignificantly with test weight,flour yield,protein percentage in flour,dry and wet glutenand flour water absorption.The results of this study suggested that the increasing insedimentation value,Pelshenke value,test weight,grain vitreousness and flour yieldwould contribute to a coordination of relationships among nutritional quality,processingquality,grain yield,resistance and adaptability in wheat.