普通菜豆品种苗期抗旱性鉴定

以不同来源的普通菜豆品种为材料,采用盆栽法,设正常供水和反复干旱2种处理,测定11项生理指标,采用灰色关联度理论进行苗期抗旱性指标筛选,通过加权抗旱指数(weighted drought-resistance index,WDI值)和抗旱度量值D(drought resistance comprehensive evaluation values,D值)对供试材料进行抗旱性综合评价并通过聚类分析划分抗旱等级。结果表明,不同指标与综合抗旱指数的关联度大小依次为叶片相对含水量(0.7726)、PSII最大量子产量(0.7607)、叶绿素含量(0.7435)、反复干旱存活率(0.7341)、生物量(0.7329)、茎叶干重(0.7314)、根干重(0.7192)、气孔导度(0.7159)、根冠比(0.7092)、株高(0.7086)、叶面积(0.6910)。基于加权抗旱指数和抗旱度量值D的评价结果存在一定差异,但不同材料的抗旱性排序大体一致。根据抗旱度量值D将供试材料分为高抗、中抗、敏感和高敏感4个级别,各占总数的10%、6%、58%和26%。综上所述,叶片相对含水量、PSII最大量子产量和叶绿素含量等10项指标可用于普通菜豆苗期抗旱性综合评价;加权抗旱指数与抗旱度量值D两种综合指标相结合能够提高鉴定结果的可靠性;50个参试普通菜豆品种中,白金德利豆、跃进豆、兔子腿、圆白菜豆和260205抗旱性强。

Identification of Drought Resistence at Seedlings Stage in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties

Eleven physiological indices of different common bean varieties were measured under the conditions of irrigation and repeated drought in pot, drought resistance evaluation indices at seedling stage were selected by using grey relational thoery, the drought resistance of each germplasm was comprehensively evaluated according to weighted drought-resistance index and drought-resistance measuration value (D value) and graded by fuzzy cluster analysis. The results showed that the association degree between different indices and comprehensive drought resistance indices was ranked as follows: leaf relative water content (0.7726), F_v/F_m (0.7607), chlorophyll content (0.7435), survival rate (0.7341), biomass (0.7329), shoot dry weight (0.7314), root dry weight (0.7192), stomatal conductance (0.7159), Root/Shoot ratio (0.7092), plant height (0.7086), leaf area (0.6910). The evaluation results based on weighted drought-resistance index and D value had some differences, but the drought resistance rank was essentially the same. According to D value, tested materials were divided into four groups including high resistance(10%), moderate resistance(6%), susceptible(58%) and high susceptible(26%). In conclusion, ten indices including leaf relative water content, F_v/F_m, chlorophyll content and so on can be used to evaluate the drought resistance at seedling stage in common bean; combining weighted drought-resistance index and D value can improve the reliability of identification results. Among the 50 tested varieties, Baijindelidou, Yuejindou, Tuzutui, Yuanbaicaidou and 260205 have the better drought resistance.