大豆籽粒大小与形状性状的QTL定位

大豆籽粒大小和粒形性状不仅与产量和外观品质紧密相关,还对机械化播种有着一定的影响。本研究采用大粒栽培品种冀豆12与小粒半野生地方品种黑豆(ZDD03651)杂交衍生的包含188个重组自交系的F6:8和F6:9群体为材料,对粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比、长厚比和宽厚比的遗传结构进行分析,并分别以Win QTLCart 2.5、QTLNetwork2.1和Ici Mapping 4.1 3种模型对以上性状的加性效应QTL,QE互作效应及上位性互作效应进行检测。6个性状的广义遗传率介于64.01%~79.57%,遗传力较高,且除粒厚外的其他性状受环境影响显著。共定位到加性效应QTL 38个,单个QTL的贡献率介于2.21%~10.71%之间,分布在12条染色体的17个标记区间内,且12个染色体区段至少与2种性状相关。两种及以上模型同时检测到的QTL有24个,3种模型均能检测到的QTL共8个,分别为qSL-17-1、qSL-18-1、qSW-6-1、qST-2-1、qST-6-1、qSLT-2-2、qSWT-2-1和qSWT-20-1。检测到7对上位性互作QTL,分别涉及粒长、粒宽、长宽比、长厚比和宽厚比,互作效应贡献率介于0.78%~6.20%之间。QE互作效应贡献率均较低,介于0.0005%~0.3900%之间。以多种模型同时检测结果准确性较高,可为分子标记辅助育种工作提供可靠理论基础。

Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Seed Size and Shape Traits in Soybean

Seed size and shape not only relate to seed yield and quality, but also affect mechanical seeding in soybean (Glycine max L.). In this study, F_6:8 and F_6:9 populations derived from Jidou 12 × Heidou were used to analyze the genetic character and detect quantitative trait locus (QTL) for seed length, seed width, seed thickness, seed length-to-width ratio, seed length-to-thickness ratio, and seed width-to-thickness ratio. Softwares WinQTLCart 2.5, QTLNetwork 2.1 and IciMapping 4.1 were used to identify the additive, epistatic and environmentally interacted QTLs for seed size and shape related traits. As results, the heritability of the six traits varied from 64.01% to 79.57%. A total of 38 additive QTLs were identified to be located on 12 chromosomes, with the heritability varying from 2.21% to 10.71%.Eight of them(qSL-17-1,qSL-18-1, qSW-6-1, qST-2-1, qST-6-1, qSLT-2-2, qSWT-2-1,and qSWT-20-1)were identified using three methods, simultaneously. In the meantime, seven pairs of additive × additive epistasis were detected and the heritability of epistasis pairs ranged from 0.78 to 6.20%. Additionally, the effects of QTL by environment interaction ranged from 0.0005% to 0.3900%. The QTL identified using different mapping softwares in this study could provide a reliable theoretical basis for marker-assisted selection breeding.