设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化分类与分级标准

近三十年来,我国设施蔬菜栽培发展迅速,已成为我国农业中最有活力的新兴产业之一。但在长期的设施蔬菜生产过程中,普遍存在着不合理施肥、养分比例失调、肥效下降和资源浪费严重等问题,致使土壤养分富集,盐分积累现象日趋严重。本文对我国设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化的现状、发生原因及其对作物的危害进行综述和分析,在此基础上制定设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化分类与分级的标准的建议及初步构架,旨在为防治设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化,实现设施菜地土壤的质量调控与可持续利用提供理论指导和科学依据。

The Classification ＆ Grade of the Soil Secondary Salinization in the Vegetable-cultivated Greenhouse

As one of the most productive industries,vegetable-cultivated greenhouse has developed rapidly in China during the last three decades.However,the problems,such as the widespread irrational fertilization,nutrient imbalance,decline in fertilizer efficiency,as well as serious resource waste,which resulted in the serious enrichment of soil nutrients and salt accumulation,named soil second salinization（SSS）.In this paper,the status,causes,hazards of the SSS in the crop-cultured greenhouse were reviewed and analyzed.On this basis,it was proposed that necessary to develop a guideline for the classification gradation of the SSS.The framework of the guideline was preliminarily established and experiments would be carried out next step.Once this guideline set,it would provide theoretical guidance and scientific basis to prevent or control of the SSS and promote the sustainable use of the vegetable-cultured greenhouse.