斑鳢、乌鳢及其杂交种遗传差异的AFLP分析

本文采用AFLP分子标记技术对斑鳢、乌鳢和杂交鳢（斑鳢（母本）与乌鳢（父本））共85个个体（其中斑鳢、乌鳢各30个,杂交鳢25个）进行了遗传差异分析。结果表明11对引物组合共检出了459个不同的扩增片段,扩增出的多态谱带数350条,多态性比例为76.25%,平均每对引物组合扩增出31.8条多态条带。乌鳢与斑鳢种群间存在稳定的、可以简单地借以进行群体鉴别的标记条带169条,其中父本（乌鳢）特异性条带78条,72条能够稳定地遗传给杂交鳢;母本（斑鳢）特异性条带89条,71条能够稳定地遗传给杂交鳢。杂交鳢另外出现了3条非双亲的条带。遗传差异的分子方差分析结果发现,斑鳢与乌鳢种群间的遗传相似度为0.5161,杂交鳢与斑鳢和乌鳢种群间的遗传相似度相近,分别为0.7189和0.7476,斑鳢与乌鳢之间以及杂交鳢与斑鳢和乌鳢之间的种群间遗传距离分别为0.6615、0.3300和0.2909,即AMOVA分析显示斑鳢、乌鳢和杂交鳢间存在极显著的遗传分化。UPGMA聚类分析显示,在个体间,斑鳢与乌鳢能区分成两大类,杂交鳢则分散于斑鳢和乌鳢种群中;在群体间,杂交鳢首先与乌鳢聚类,然后与斑鳢相聚,表明杂交鳢种群总体上更偏向于父本乌鳢。研究结果表明,杂交鳢与斑鳢和乌鳢发生混杂的可能性很大,应该对杂交鳢进行隔离养殖。本文结果将为斑鳢、乌鳢和杂交鳢的遗传分析提供实验依据,也为其种质的合理利用提供参考。

Genetic Variation of Channa maculata,Channa argus and Their Hybrid by AFLP Analysis

In this paper,we adopted AFLP molecular marker technique to analyze the genetic differences of 85 individuals of Channa maculata,Channa argus and their hybrid （C.maculata♀×C.argus♂）,among which Channa maculata and Channa argus was 30 respectively,their hybrid was 25.The results showed that total of 459 bands were obtained by 11 primer combinations,of which 350 were polymorphic bands,the percentage of polymorphic loci was 76.25%,the average of polymorphic bands per primer combination was 31.8.There were 169 discrepant bands could be distinguished C.maculata and C.argus steadily,78 of those were paternal （C.argus） specific bands and 72 were entailed on hybrid,89 of those were maternal （C.maculata） specific bands and 71 were entailed on hybrid.In addition,there were 3 nonparental bands in hybrid.The results of analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA） found that the Nei＇s unbiased measures of genetic identity between C.maculata and C.argus was 0.516 1,while those between hybrid and C.maculata,hybrid and C.argus was 0.718 9 and 0.747 6.And their Nei＇s unbiased measures of genetic distance were respectively 0.661 5、0.330 0 and 0.290 9,respectively,the analysis of molecular variance analysis （AMOVA） displayed that.there was significantly genetic differentiation among C.maculata,C.argus and the hybrid.On the other hand,the UPGMA cluster analysis revealled that,individuals of C.maculata and C.argus could be distinguished into two populations,but most individuals of hybrid scattered in populations of C.maculata and C.argus.In populations cluster analysis,hybrid and C.argus populations were cluster firstly,then clustered with C.maculata.The preliminary analysis result indicated that the hybrid was supposed to be isolation cultivated because of high promiscuous possibility among C.maculata,C.argus and their hybrid.The results of this article would provide experimental evidence for genetic assaying of C.maculata,C.argus and their hybrid and the refference for reasonable utilization of their germplasms.