离子束对生物体的作用原理及应用

离子束是指一束具有一定能量的质量数小于或等于4的带电离子束,离子束注入技术是生物物理技术,具有生理损伤小、突变谱广和突变频率高等特点。离子束与生物体的相互作用是我国具有独立知识产权的生物物理技术,我国科学家在上世纪80年代已经发现了离子束注入的生物效应,并将这一原理应用于植物诱变育种。本文主要概述了低能离子束注入对生物体的作用原理,以及该技术在植物育种、微生物品种改良和遗传改良上的应用,最后还小结了离子束注入技术在研究领域存在的问题并对其未来发展方向提出展望。

The Action Principle of Organisms by Ion Beam and Their Application

Ion beam means a bunch of electricallycharged ion beam which has the mass number less than or equal to 4 with some energy.Ion beam implantation technique,a biophysical technology,has the characteristics of slight physiology injury,wide mutation spectrum,high mutation frequency and so on.The interaction between ion beam and organism is a biophysical technology possessing a independent copy-righted product in China,the Chinese scientists have discovered the biological effect of ion beam implantation in the 1980s,and applied this principle into plant mutation breeding.In this article,we mainly summarized the action principle of organisms by ion beam and its application,including on plant breeding,microorganism varieties improvement and genetic modification,in conclusion,we still sumed up the problems existing in this investigation field by ion beam implantation technique and pointed out outlooks for its future development orientation.