Influence of organic by-products and nitrogen source on chemical and microbiological status of an agricultural soil |
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Authors: | J A Entry B H Wood J H Edwards C W Wood |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Agronomy and Soils and Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, Alabama, USA, US;(2) USDA-ARS, National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, Box 3439, Auburn, Alabama 36831, USA, US |
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Abstract: | We assessed the influence of the addition of four municipal or agricultural by-products (cotton gin waste, ground newsprint,
woodchips, or yard trimmings), combined with two sources of nitrogen (N), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) or poultry litter] as carbon (C) sources on active bacterial, active fungal and total microbial biomass, cellulose decomposition,
potential net mineralization of soil C and N and soil nutrient status in agricultural soils. Cotton gin waste as a C source
promoted the highest potential net N mineralization and N turnover. Municipal or agricultural by-products as C sources had
no affect on active bacterial, active fungal or total microbial biomass, C turnover, or the ratio of net C:N mineralized.
Organic by-products and N additions to soil did not consistently affect C turnover rates, active bacterial, active fungal
or total microbial biomass. After 3, 6 or 9 weeks of laboratory incubation, soil amended with organic by-products plus poultry
litter resulted in higher cellulose degradation rates than soil amended with organic by-products plus NH4NO3. Cellulose degradation was highest when soil was amended with newsprint plus poultry litter. When soil was amended with organic
by-products plus NH4NO3, cellulose degradation did not differ from soil amended with only poultry litter or unamended soil. Soil amended with organic
by-products had higher concentrations of soil C than soil amended with only poultry litter or unamended soil. Soil amended
with organic by-products plus N as poultry litter generally, but not always, had higher extractable P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations
than soil amended with poultry litter or unamende soil. Agricultural soil amended with organic by-products and N had higher
extractable N, P, K, Ca and Mg than unamended soil. Since cotton gin waste plus poultry litter resulted in higher cellulose
degradation and net N mineralization, its use may result in faster increase in soil nutrient status than the other organic
by-products and N sources that were tested.
Received: 15 May 1996 |
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Keywords: | Newsprint Woodchips Cotton gin waste Yard waste Poultry liter Mineralization Microbial biomass Cellulose degradation Soil fertility |
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