Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) improvement in sub-Saharan Africa: a review |
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| Authors: | Seltene Abady Hussein Shimelis Pasupuleti Janila |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia;2. School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa;3. African Centre for Crop Improvement (ACCI), Pietermaritzburg, South Africa;4. International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Telangana, India;5. African Centre for Crop Improvement (ACCI), Pietermaritzburg, South Africa;6. International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Telangana, India |
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| Abstract: | Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a multi-purpose legume crop widely cultivated in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, yield levels of the crop has remained relatively low in SSA owing to a range of biotic, abiotic and socio-economic constraints. A dedicated groundnut improvement programme integrating new tools and methodologies to breed varieties suitable for current and emerging agro-ecologies and market needs is essential for enhanced and sustainable groundnut production in SSA. The objective of this review is to highlight breeding progress, opportunities and challenges on groundnut improvement with regard to cultivar development and deployment in SSA in order to guide future improvement of the crop. The review analysed the role of new tools in breeding such as, high-throughput and automated phenotyping techniques, rapid generation advancement, single seed descent approach, marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, next-generation sequencing, genetic engineering and genome editing for accelerated breeding and cultivar development of groundnut. |
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| Keywords: | Abiotic production constraints aflatoxin content groundnut breeding genotyping phenotyping |
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