长期施肥条件下土壤碳氮循环过程研究进展

土壤是主要的陆地生态系统碳库,碳、氮通过大气-作物-土壤界面进行周转和协同转化。长期施肥通过改变土壤物理、化学和生物学性质,进而影响土壤有机碳、氮储量的稳定性。土壤有机质是评价土壤质量的重要指标,具有农艺和环境双重功能。有机-无机肥配施不仅可显著提高土壤肥力,并且可减少农田土壤温室气体排放,保持农田土地的可持续利用。本文就土壤碳、氮消长动态研究以及有机质周转的同位素示踪测试技术等作一简要综述。

Review of Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling under Long-term Fertilization

Soil is the major carbon pool of terrestrial ecosystem,in which the turnover and coordinate transformation of carbon and nitrogen are under way through the interface of atmosphere-crop-soil.Long-term fertilization affects the stability of soil organic carbon and nitrogen storage by way of changing soil physical,chemical and biological properties.Soil organic matter is the key indicator of soil quality with agronomic and environmental functions.Organicmineral fertilization not only enhances soil fertility,but decreases the emissions of green-house gases and preserves the sustainable utilization of cropland.This article briefly reviewed the studies on carbon and nitrogen dynamics as well as the isotope signature technique with respect to turnover rate of soil organic matter.