钾氮配施对生姜产量和养分吸收的影响研究

1999～2001年在安徽省生姜产区淮北平原砂姜黑土上,连续三年多点开展钾氮配施对生姜产量及养分吸收的影响研究。结果表明:钾氮配合施用可以大幅度提高生姜的产量,施钾增产14.9～58.5%,平均增产率为29.8%。增施氮肥的增产效率为负数,钾肥的增产效率在两种氮肥水平下都较高,高N条件下增加钾肥施用量可以极大地提高钾肥的增产效率。施用钾肥提高了生姜地上部茎叶含氮量及茎叶、姜块和全株P、K养分含量,对全株氮素含量影响不大。两种氮肥水平下,生姜地上部茎叶、块茎和全株的吸K、吸N、吸P量都是随着钾肥施用量的增加而提高。钾氮配施大幅度提高了土壤有效P、K含量,有利于保持和提高土壤肥力。

Effect of Potassium Application Combined with Nitrogen on Ginger Yield and Nutrient Uptake

The successive three-years trial of study on the effect of nitrogen application combined with potassium on ginger yield and nutrient uptake was conducted in six sites in Huaibei ginger production region Shajiang black soil of plain Anhui province from 1999 to 2001. The results showed that K application combined with N could improve ginger output and applying potassium increased yield by 14.9-58.5%.Potassium application improved N content in stem-leaf and P and K content in stem-leaf, ginger tube and total plant, but there was no remarkable effect on the content of nitrogen in total plant. The uptake amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for stem-leaf, ginger tube and total plant increased along with the rate of K fertilizer application at two N levels. Potassium application combined with nitrogen improved also the content of available P and K in soil substantially, and this was beneficial to maintaining or improving soil fertility.