不同施肥处理对棕壤腐殖酸组成和性质的影响

23年定位试验结果表明:施用有机肥可提高土壤腐殖酸含量, HA/FA升高,土壤胡敏酸的羧基/酚羟基比升高,E4 /E6 值较高。施化肥处理HA/FA下降,羧基/酚羟基比下降,E4 /E6 值下降。有机无机配施HA/FA下降较明显,其它指标介于有机肥和化肥之间。有机无机配施处理土壤活性胡敏酸平均含量高于有机肥和化肥。松结态腐殖酸占总腐殖酸的10% ~20%。胡敏酸占3% ~8%,富里酸占6% ~11%。施肥可显著降低松结态腐殖酸、胡敏酸和富里酸的比例。化肥的施用可促进紧结态的腐殖酸向松结态的转化,加速地力的消耗。有机无机配施处理可较大幅度地提高松结态胡敏酸的比例,而减低松结态富里酸的比例。

Effect of Fertilization on Soil Humus Components and Brown Soil Properties

The results of 23 years-fixed position experiment showed that:soil humus and HA/FA increased with the application of OM., Carboxyl/ Phenol-Hydroxyl and E_4/E_6 of soil!HA did in the sameway.On the contrary, the use of chemical fertilizers resulted decreasing of HA/FA, Carboxyl/ Phenol-Hydroxyl and E_4/E_6 of soil HA. While OM. applied with chemical fertilizers gave rise to HA/FA decreasing especially, other fertility indexies were medium, compared with OM.and chemical fertilizer. Loose-combined humus hold 10~20 % ,HA 3~8 %, and FA 6~11%, among soil humus.The application of fertilizers could reduce proportion of loose-combined humus and its components. But chemical fertilizers could transform tight-combined humus into loose-combined humus, promoting the exhaust of soil fertility. OM. applied with chemical fertilizers enhanced the ratio of soil HA in a large scale, but the results for FA was to the contrary to soil HA.