含氨基酸水溶肥料在设施辣椒和豇豆上的田间效应研究

以辣椒和豇豆为供试材料,研究在辣椒和豇豆根部灌施含氨基酸水溶肥料对其植株生长、果实品质、产量、土壤中微生物数量以及土壤酶活力的影响。试验结果表明:与对照灌施等养分化学肥料相比,灌施含氨基酸水溶肥料显著提高了辣椒和豇豆植株的株高,促进了作物的生长;产量上,第一季辣椒和豇豆增产幅度分别达到8.6%和14.7%,第二季的增产幅度分别为7.0%和11.7%。相比于氨基酸水溶肥,灌施含有甲壳素的氨基酸水溶肥对辣椒和豇豆生长有一定的促进作用;品质上,灌施含氨基酸水溶肥料能有效降低辣椒的硝酸盐含量,提高其Vc含量,同时提高了豇豆的可溶性糖含量和Vc含量,整体上改善了辣椒和豇豆的品质;而从微生物数量上看,灌施含氨基酸水溶肥料显著增加了辣椒和豇豆生长土壤中细菌和放线菌的数量,降低了真菌数量,减轻了由于连作带来的真菌化现象;从辣椒和豇豆土壤中的酶活看,与化肥对照相比,两种作物土壤中脲酶和蔗糖酶的活性均有所提高,说明灌溉含氨基酸水溶肥料能有效提高豇豆和辣椒土壤中酶的活性。而相比于单独灌施含氨基酸水溶肥料,从产量上看,灌施含有甲壳素的氨基酸水溶肥的第一季辣椒和豇豆的增产幅度分别达到1.5%和1.1%,第二季分别达到2.1%和4.1%,表明氨基酸水溶肥中的甲壳素,有增强含氨基酸水溶肥料增产效果的趋势。

Effect of Root Irrigation with Water Soluble Fertilizer Containing Amino acids on Pepper and Cowpea Growth under Facility Agriculture

The field experiment was conducted to inves tigate the effect of amino acid soluble fertilizers by root irrigation on vegetables growth,quality,biomass,soil microorganism numbers and soil enzyme activities.The pepper (Su-Jiao no.5-Dr.Wang) and cowpea (Xia-Jie) were chosen as the tested vegetables.The results showed that the amino acid soluble fertilizers promoted the height and growth of pepper and cowpea compared with chemical fertilizer.The biomass of pepper and cowpea in the treatment of amino acid soluble fertilizer was,respectively,higher 8.65％ and 14.70％ at the first plant season and was higher 7.00％ and 11.75％ at the second plant season.Compared with using only amino acid soluble fertilizer,it combined with chitin improved the biomass of pepper and cowpea,respectively,by about 1.52％ and 1.13％ at the first plant season and,respectively,by about 2.10％ and 4.10％ at the second plant season.The biomass result showed that the amino acid soluble fertilizer combined with chitin enhanced crop yield.