四川省土壤温度状况空间分布特征

土壤温度状况(STR)在现代土壤系统分类中是确定土壤分类单元的重要诊断特性。利用四川省160个气象站点的多年年均和月均地面气候资料与数字高程模型数据,分析不同气象因子与地形因素对土壤温度(土温)的影响,然后以显著影响的因子为辅助变量,采用回归克里格法预测四川省STR的空间分布,依据中国土壤系统分类高级与基层分类划分标准中有关STR的定量诊断指标,对四川省STR及其空间分布特征进行分析。结果表明,气温、经度、纬度与海拔对土温有显著影响,在高级分类划分标准下,四川省STR以热性、温性、寒性为主,部分区域为永冻、冷性、高热;在基层分类划分标准下,四川省STR以热性、温性、冷性为主,部分地区为高寒性、近寒性、亚寒性、高热性。四川省STR分析为四川土壤系统分类与土壤资源的合理利用提供了科学依据。

Spatial Distribution of Soil Temperature Regime in Sichuan Province

Soil temperature regime (STR) is an important diagnostic feature in the modern soil taxonomy.Based on the data of annual and monthly mean ground climate from 160 meteorological stations and the digital elevation model in Sichuan Province,the impacts of different meteorological and topographic factors on soil temperature were analyzed,and then the regression kriging was used to predict the spatial distribution of STR in Sichuan Province with remarkable impact factors as auxiliary variables.The prediction of STR and spatial distribution characteristics were analyzed based on the quantitative diagnosis index of the high and basic classification criteria of Chinese Soil Taxonomy.The results showed that air temperature,longitude,latitude and elevation had significant effects on soil temperature.Under the high classification criteria,STR was thermic,mesic and cryic in most area and was permagelic,frigid and hyperthermic in some area of Sichuan Province;under the basic classification criteria,STR was mainly thermic,mesic and frigid in most area and hypergelic,pergelic,subgelic,and thermic in some area of Sichuan Province.The analysis of STR in Sichuan Province would provide a scientific basis for the quantitative evaluation of soil resource and soil taxonomy.