大西沟铁矿生态环境模糊综合评价研究

着眼于大西沟矿区的实际情况,提出一套完善的、规范化且能反映矿山生态特性的矿山生态环境质量综合定量的评价模式,实现矿山生态环境质量定量化,克服以前定性评价的模糊性和概念化,基于自然、环境和人文三方面建立一套具有代表性、可操作性的指标体系。对影响露天矿生态环境质量的因素进行分析,选取地貌、气候、植被、大气、土壤、地下水、人口、采矿8个要素及相关20个指标,构建了露天矿生态环境质量评价体系。运用层次分析法(AHP)和模糊数学综合评判法对露天矿生态环境质量进行综合评价。研究结果表明:大西沟铁矿矿山生态环境质量较好,固体废置物堆置率对矿区生态环境质量影响大,与实地调查相符,该方法对矿区生态环境质量评价是有效的,对今后矿区生态环境质量的快速评价具有现实意义。

Study on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Ecological Environment in Daxigou Iron Mine

Aiming at the actual situation of Daxigou mining area,a comprehensive and standardized evaluation model of the mine ecological environmental quality was put forward,which can reflect the ecological characteristics of the mine,quantify the ecological environment quality of the mine and overcome the ambiguity and conceptualization problem of qualitative evaluation.A representative,operable index system was established base on the natural,environmental and cultural aspects.In order to analyze the influencing factors on the quality of the strip mine ecological environment,ecological environmental quality evaluation index system of strip mine was constructed by selecting 8 factors of climate,vegetation,atmosphere,soil,groundwater,population,and mining and 20 related indices.Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation methods were used to evaluate the quality of ecological environment in open pit mine.The results showed that in Daxigou iron ore mine,ecological environment quality was better and solid waste heap had great influence on ecological environment quality of the mining area.This was consistent with the field investigation result.The evaluation method was effective for the evaluation of ecological environment quality in mining area,and had practical significance for the rapid assessment of the ecological environment quality in mining area in the future.