钾铅组合对延胡索生长及其不同器官干物质积累特点的影响

采用盆栽试验，通过测定延胡索植株内铅含量、地上植株及地下块茎的生物量，研究了不同钾铅浓度组合对延胡索（Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang）生长及其不同器官干物质积累过程的影响。结果表明:总体上低铅和高铅处理土壤延胡索地上部分和地下部分生物量与空白对照相比均有增加，其中低铅处理的地上部分增加了16.26%、地下部分增加了13.44%，高铅处理的地上部分增加了10.26%、地下部分增加了7.40%。钾肥的施加能够缓解铅的生物毒性，使延胡索生物量增加。延胡索地上和地下部分中钾处理的生物量对比未施加钾肥处理，在低铅和高铅处理中均有增加，分别增加了18.67%、35.97%、29.24%、46.78%。同时，延胡索不同部位铅的积累量地下部分与地上部分总体差异显著。即地下部分呈现随时间逐渐减小的趋势，而地上部分随时间先增加后降低的趋势。且中钾处理的地上和地下部分在低铅处理中分别比未施加钾肥处理的铅含量降低了44.08%、53.37%，在高铅处理中则分别降低了28.26%、14.07%。因此在延胡索规范化种植中应在保证其铅积累量不超标的情况下，尽量选择含低铅的土壤，试验条件下增施200 mg kg?1钾肥可缓解重金属对药用植物的毒害，提高产量。

Effect of Potassium-Lead Coupling Treatments on the Growth of Corydalis yanhusuo and Dry Matter Accumulation in different organs of the Plant

The effects of combination application of potassium (K) and lead (Pb) at different concentrations on Pb accumulation in different organs of Corydalis yanhusuo and its growth were investigated by using a pot experiment. The accumulation of Pb in C. yanhusuo plant and its above- and under-ground biomass were measured. Compared with the soil without the application of Pb and K, the biomass of above- and under-ground plant was increased by 16.26% and 13.44% in the soil with low Pb background, and by 10.26% and 7.40% in the soil with high Pb background, respectively. While the K application alleviated the Pb biological toxicity and led to the growth of C. yanhusuo normally. Compared with the treatment without K application, the biomass of above- and under-ground plants in the medium K treatment was increased by 18.67% and 35.97% under the low Pb background of soil, respectively, and was increased by 29.24% and 46.78% under the high Pb background of soil, respectively. At the same time, the accumulation of Pb in different parts of C. yanhusuo showed a significant difference between the above- and under-ground plants. The Pb accumulation in under-ground plant was decreased with time, while that in above-ground plant was increased first and then decreased with time. Compared with the treatment without K application, the medium K treatment decreased the Pb contents of above- and under-ground plants by 44.08% and 53.37% under the low Pb background of soil, respectively, and by 28.26% and 14.07% under the high Pb background of soil, respectively. Therefore, in the standardized planting C. yanhusuo, it is better to choose soil with low Pb content as the planting areas, while increasing 200 mg kg?1 K-fertilizer could alleviate oxidative damage of heavy metal to medicinal plants and improve the yield.