长期定位施肥残留养分对作物产量及土壤化学性质的影响

棕壤肥料长期定位试验结果表明,连续15年培肥后,磷肥、有机肥残留养分对粮豆作物的增产效果至少在三年以上,低量有机肥与磷钾肥配施残留养分的增产率最高,为119.46%。长期施用有机肥既能增加土壤有机质,还能促进土壤磷有效性的发挥;棕壤条件下,土壤速效磷与有机质有明显的正相关关系(r=0.841,α=0.01,n=36)。在投入磷素相等的情况下,土壤中残留的全磷含量则主要受作物吸磷量的制约。有机—无机结合培肥是实现农业可持续发展的重要措施。

Effects of Fertilizer-residue on Soil Characteristics and Crop Production

An experiment of fertilizer-residue effect on soil characteristics and crop production after continuous fertilization for 15 years was carried out.In the plot treated with the combined application of phosphorus and organic fertilizers,the fertilizer-residue effect on crop production could last at least for three years.The best effect was found in the plot treated with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as well as low amount of organic fertilizer.The long-term application of organic fertilizer could improve the content of organic matter and increase the availability of phosphorus in soils.Additionally,the content of available phosphorus is positively related to the content of organic matter in the Brown soil(r=0.841,n = 36).