氮磷钾不同配比对饲用稻威优198产量及糙米蛋白含量的影响

采用田间小区试验研究“推荐配比”(N:P2O5:K2O比率为190:90:100 kg hm-2)、“高氮量配比”(N:P2O5:K2O比率为210:90:100 kg hm-2)、“低氮量配比”(N:P2O5:K2O比率为170:90:100 kg hm-2)以及“常规配比”(N:P2O5:K2O比率为216:112.5:202.5 kg hm-2)4种氮、磷、钾配比施肥对饲用稻威优198蔗糖合成酶(SUS)、腺苷二磷酸焦磷酸化酶(AGPase)、硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)以及产量和糙米蛋白质的影响。结果表明:“推荐配比”能提高不同生育时期水稻功能叶(旗叶)和粒籽中碳、氮代谢关键酶的活性,这些关键酶活性的变化显著影响水稻产量和糙米全氮以及蛋白氮的含量。统计(P0.05)结果证实“推荐配比”能提高水稻产量达到8200 kg hm-2,与“常规配比”相比产量提高了24.81%;“推荐配比”糙米全氮和蛋白氮含量分别达到22.70 g kg-1和21.98 g kg-1,与“常规配比”相比差异显著,并且其全氮和蛋白氮含量分别提高17.01%,18.38%。

Effect of Different Ratio of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Yield and Protein Contents in Brown Rice of Fodder (Weiyou198)

Four different treatments were compared relative to their effects on the protein content in brown rice(variety "weiyou198"),the crop yield,and the activity of the four enzymes sucrose synthase(SUS),ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase(AGPase),nitrate reductase(NR),and glutamine synthase(GS).The fertilizer ratio(N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O) in the four different treatments were the"Recommended Ratio"(i.e.,the ratio of N: P_2O_5: K_2O is 190∶90∶100 kg ha~(-1)),the "High Nitrogen Ratio"(N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O is 210∶90∶100 kg ha~(1)),the "Low Nitrogen Ratio"(N: P_2O_5: K_2O is 170∶90∶100 kg ha~(-1)),and the "Conventional Ratio"(N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O is 216∶112.5∶202.5 kg ha~(-1)).Within our filed experiments,the"Recommended Ratio"resulted in the highest rice yield of 8200 kg ha~(-1),the highest total nitrogen content of 22.70 g kg~(-1) and the highest protein nitrogen content of 21.98 g kg~(-1) in brown rice,and increased 24.81%,17.01% and 18.38%,respectively,compared with the "Conventional Ratio".The above results maybe mainly due to a significant increase in the activity of several enzymes assayed,because our experimental result demonstrated that the"Recommended Ratio"achieved increase in the activity of NR,GS,AGPase and SUS as compared with other treatment.In most cases the"Recommended Ratio"achieved better results than the "Conventional Ration" control,such as the starch content and the soluble in grain,and nitrogen content in leaves and grain.