四种土壤管理方式对李园土壤微生物和土壤酶的影响

通过2003~2004两年的试验发现,刈割覆盖、刈割压埋、畜粪还园三处理纤维分解菌和硅酸盐细菌的数量均明显高于清耕处理(对照),且两种微生物数量均以夏季最多,秋季次之,春季再次,冬季最少。前三处理蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶、纤维分解酶、多酚氧化酶的酶活性都较清耕有显著或极显著提高;各处理酶活性也以夏季最高、秋季次之,春季再次,冬季最低。2004年刈割覆盖、刈割压埋两处理蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性较2003年有显著或极显著增加,畜粪还园、清耕两处理三种酶活性两年间差异很小。经相关性分析还发现,纤维分解菌除与脲酶相关性不显著外,它与其余的酶均显著或极显著正相关;硅酸盐细菌与所有的酶均极显著正相关。

Effects of Four Types of Management on Soil Micro-organisms and Enzymes in an Orchard

An experiment of two years indicated that the number of cellulose-decomposing bacteria and silicate bacteria under the treatments of mowing and covering was apparently larger than that under the treatment of cleaning tillage(control),and the number of the two micro-organisms increased in the order: summer,autumn,spring,and winter.The activities of sucrase,urease,catalase,cellulolytic enzyme and polyphenol oxidase of the former three treatments were all significantly higher than in the cleaning tillage.The seasonal change of the enzyme activity of different treatments was same as the change of micro-organisms.The activities of sucrase,urease and catalase in 2004 were all significantly higher than those in 2003 under the treatments of mowing-covering and mowing-burying,but the difference of the activities of the three enzymes between other two treatments was very little.Correlation analysis showed that the correlation between cellulose-decomposing bacterium and urease was not significant,but cellulose-decomposing bacterium was positively significantly correlated with the other enzymes,while silicate bacterium was positively significantly correlated with all of the enzymes.