碳酸氢铵和尿素在山东省主要土壤类型上的氨挥发特性研究

采用全程密闭通气法研究了山东省四种主要土壤类型 (棕壤 ,褐土 ,潮土和砂姜黑土 ) ,尿素和碳酸氢铵表施后的氨挥发特点。结果表明 :碳酸氢铵初始的氨挥发强度大于尿素 ,而氨挥发总量小于尿素 ,尿素在四种类型土壤上铵挥发强度次序为 :褐土 >潮土≈砂姜黑 >棕壤 ,氨挥发总量次序为 :褐土 >潮土≈砂姜黑土 >棕壤 ;碳酸氨氢在四种类型土壤上氨挥发强度次序为 :褐土 >潮土≈砂姜黑土 >棕壤 ,挥发总量次序为 :褐土 >棕壤 >潮土≈砂姜黑土。影响氨挥发的因素主要有 :氮素形态 ,土壤 pH、CEC、粘粒含量和粘土矿物类型、有机质含量等 ,但在不同土壤中其影响的主导因素又有较大差异。

Volatilization of Ammonium Bicarbonate and Urea in Main Soil of Shandong Province

Volatilization of ammonium bicarbonate and urea in 4 soil types of Shandong was studied.The results indicated that:1)the initial ammonia volatilization intensity from ammonium bicarbonate was higher than that from urea,while the total ammonia volatilization quantity of urea was higher than that of ammonium bicarbonate;2)among the four soil types,both ammonium bicarbonate and urea have the highest intensity and quantity of ammonia volatilization in drab soil;3)ammonia volatilization of nitrogen fertilizer was influenced by the comprehensive actions of soil factors such as pH,organic matter,CEC,clay and clay minerals;4)the common nitrogen fertilizers should not applied on the surface of soils.