针对土壤重金属污染评价的模糊数学模型的改进及应用

土壤重金属污染评价是土壤重金属污染研究的重要课题。本文改进了针对土壤重金属污染评价的模糊数学模型和评价因子权重的计算方法,提出了基于污染物浓度和毒性的双权重因子的模糊综合评价法。该法慎重考虑了各级标准界限的模糊性,较好继承了模糊数学方法用于土壤重金属评价的优点。它从定性和定量两方面,比较客观地反映污染因子对土壤环境质量的影响。采用双权重系数法确定各指标的权重,综合考虑评价因子的浓度和毒性,不但在大多数情形下与对比的其它方法结果相一致,而且可以克服其它几种方法出现的误判,提高了评价结果的分辨性,使评价结果更全面、更能真实地反映土壤重金属污染实际状况。

Improvement and Application of a Fuzzy Mathematical Model for Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil

The assessment of heavy metal pollution is an important issue in the research of heavy metal pollution in soil.This study improves on the calculating method of fuzzy mathematical model and the weighing of assessment factors,and brings forward the fuzzy assessment based on two weighing factors.The method considers with discretion the fuzziness on the line of distinction of the every criterion,and succeeds to the advantage of the fuzzy mathematical method used in the assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil.It makes a quantitative and qualitative analysis on the objective influence,which the polluting factors engender for the quality of the soil environment.In most situations,the result,which educes by using the method of two weighing factors to determine the weighing of different indexes and consider synthetically the concentration and toxicity of the assessment factors,is accordant with the results elicited by using other methods.And also,this method will raise the resolving performance of the assessment result via overcoming the error of other methods,and make the result to reflect the actual status of the heavy metal pollution in soil more comprehensively and factually.