田间低矿化水灌溉的土壤盐碱化过程的探讨

本文探讨了田间低矿化水灌溉的土壤盐碱化生态过程，结　果表明：无论在水平方向还是垂直方向上，随着灌溉水矿化度的增加，带入土体中的ＮａＨＣＯ３增多，从而引起土壤ｐＨ，全盐，ＨＣＯ３－，ＥＳＰ及ＳＡＲ逐渐升高．因灌溉水是以ＮａＨＣＯ３　为其主要成分，除Ｎａ＋、ＨＣＯ３－增多外，其余Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、Ｃｌ－、ＳＯ４　２－总量变化不大．小麦采用畦灌的灌水量比玉米的埯灌大得多，带入的盐碱物质相应　增多，造成盐碱化的速度快于玉米田．在田间条件下，盐化和碱化的安全灌溉水矿化度分别　为２．５ｇ／Ｌ和１．５ｇ／Ｌ．

Discussion on Soil Salination in the Field Irrigated with Alkaline Mineralized Water

The ecological processes of soil salination of alkaline minera lized water were discussed in this paper. The results indicated that with the in creasing degree of mineralized irrigation water, the con-tents of Ca2 , Mg 2 , Cl- and SO2-4 varied little, except for HCO-3, which increased. Because the amount of irrigation water for wheat is more that for corn, the amounts of Na and HCO-3 was brought to soil is more for wheat corresp ondingly, and the salinized rate of wheat field is faster than that of corn field. The tests also showed that the safety degree of mineralized water and alkaline water was no more than 2.5g/L and 1.5g/L respectively.