不同类型水稻品种对稻田土壤基础供氮量的响应

选用常规粳稻、杂交粳稻、常规籼稻、杂交籼稻及两系杂交稻5种类型共7个水稻品种,在大田中不施氮条件下,研究了供试水稻材料对土壤基础供氮量利用的差异。结果表明:①籼稻的土壤基础供氮量平均比粳稻高25.6%;杂交籼稻比常规籼稻高19.5%,杂交粳稻比常规粳稻高32.5%。②土壤基础供氮量在植株器官中的分配比例以叶、茎鞘的变异幅度较大,而穗的变异幅度则较小;叶中氮的分配比例以粳稻最高,而杂交粳稻与常规粳稻间及杂交籼稻与常规籼稻之间无明显差异。③土壤氮素利用效率(NUEs)随着土壤基础肥力上升而提高,粳稻的NUEs提高幅度大于籼稻。土壤氮籽粒利用效率(Ng/Ns)以两系杂交籼稻最高,籼稻的Ng/Ns大于粳稻,杂交籼稻与常规籼稻及杂交粳稻与常规粳稻间Ng/Ns无明显差异。④100kg籽粒需氮量增加幅度也是粳稻高于籼稻。

Response of Different Types of Rice Plants to the Basic Soil Nitrogen Supply

Five types of rice plants,i.e.conventional Japonica(I), hybid Japonica(II),conventional Indica(III),hybrid Indica(IV) and two-line hybrid Indica(V),were cultivated in three types of soil to investigate the response of the different rice types to the basic soil nitrogen supply.Results showed that: ①the basic amounts of soil nitrogen supply(on the average) of Indica rice was 25.6%,more than that of Japonica rice.Compared with conventional Indica and Japonica,the basic amounts of soil nitrogen supply of hybrid Indica and Japonica rice increased by 19.5% and 32.5%.②N use efficiency for soil(NUEs) was improved significantly with the increase of the basic soil nutrient.The Ng/Ns of Indica rice was higher than that of Japonica rice,but that among other types was not significantly different.③The increased range of NUEs and N-requirement for 100 kg gain of Japonica rice was higher than that of Indica rice.