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秸秆条带状覆盖对稻田CH_4和N_2O排放的影响
引用本文:马静,徐华,蔡祖聪,八木一行.秸秆条带状覆盖对稻田CH_4和N_2O排放的影响[J].土壤学报,2010,47(1):84-89.
作者姓名:马静  徐华  蔡祖聪  八木一行
作者单位:1. 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京,210008;中国科学院研究生院,北京,100049
2. 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京,210008
3. 日本国立农业环境技术研究所,日本筑波,305-8604
基金项目:中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目群项目(KZCX2-YW-01-07)、科技部国际科技合作项目(2008DFA21330)和国家自然科学基金项目(40971154)资助
摘    要:采用3种秸秆还田方式(对照、秸秆均匀混施和秸秆条带状覆盖)进行田间试验,观测稻田CH4和N2O的排放通量,以探讨秸秆条带状覆盖对稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响。结果表明:秸秆条带状覆盖的CH4排放量是对照的2.7倍,二者的N2O排放量无明显差异;秸秆条带状覆盖的稻田CH4排放量较秸秆均匀混施减少32%,其N2O排放量是后者的5.1倍;稻田排放CH4和N2O的全球增温潜势(GWP)为:秸秆均匀混施秸秆条带状覆盖对照,且差异显著;秸秆条带状覆盖的水稻产量分别较对照和秸秆均匀混施增加27%和17%。秸秆条带状覆盖是值得推荐的稻季秸秆还田方式。

关 键 词:秸秆条带状覆盖  CH4排放量  N2O排放量  全球增温潜势  水稻产量

CH4 and N2O emissions from rice fields as affected by mulching of strips of wheat straws
Ma Jing,Xu Hu,Cai Zucong and Kazuyuki Yagi.CH4 and N2O emissions from rice fields as affected by mulching of strips of wheat straws[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2010,47(1):84-89.
Authors:Ma Jing  Xu Hu  Cai Zucong and Kazuyuki Yagi
Institution:Ma Jing1,3 Xu Hua1 Cai Zucong1 Kazuyuki Yagi2(1 State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)(2 National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences,Tsukuba 305-8604,Japan)(3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
Abstract:A field experiment was conducted in 2006 to monitor CH4 and N2O emissions from rice fields as affected by strip mulching of wheat straws. The experiment was designed to have three treatments, i.e. (i) no wheat straw applied (Treatment CK); (ii) incorporating wheat straws evenly into the topsoil (Treatment WI); and (iii) strip mulching of wheat straws over the field (Treatment WM). Results show that compared with Treatment CK, Treatment WM significantly increased CH4 mission by 2.7-fold. No significant difference in N2O emission was observed between Treatments CK and WM. Compare with Treatment WI, Treatment WM decreased CH4 emission significantly by 32%, while enhancing N2O emission by 5.1-folds. The GWP of CH4 and N2O emitted from rice field was greatest in Treatment WI, which was followed by Treatments WM and CK, and the differences between them reached significant level. Compared with Treatments CK and WI, Treatment WM increased rice grain yield by 27% and 17%, respectively. Based on these results, the best management of wheat straw prior to rice cultivation is mulching of strips of wheat straws over the field.
Keywords:Strip mulching  CH4 emission  N2O emission  Global warming potentials  Rice grain yield
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