长期盐胁迫对库拉索芦荟(Aloe vera)生长和汁液理化性质的影响

在温室中砂培条件下研究了7叶龄库拉索芦荟（Aloe vera）以含0、50、100、200和400 mmol L^-1NaCl的Hoagland营养液浇灌120 d的生长响应及其全叶原汁的理化性质.结果表明：200 mmol L^-1NaCl处理显著抑制芦荟生长,使叶片长度、宽度、厚度和重量显著减小,含水量和叶绿素含量降低,干枯死亡的叶片数显著增多,根系周界和根系密集区显著缩小,单株干重降至对照的65.02%,单株鲜重只及对照的38.32%,至开花期花葶低矮、细弱,开花株数明显减少;100 mmol L^-1 NaCl处理对库拉索芦荟生长的抑制作用显著减轻,且可正常开花,花期未见缩短,但至处理结束时新叶的长度,处理结束时单叶的厚度和鲜重、根系密集区范围以及叶片和全株的鲜重、根系的干重和鲜重均显著小于对照,而50 mmol L^-1 NaCl处理与对照无显著性差异.盐胁迫对库拉索芦荟全叶原汁出汁率及理化性质的影响与对生长开花的影响相似,其中50、100 mmol L^-1 NaCl处理间多数指标值无显著性差异,与对照相比多数指标值处于有益水平.综合评判：库拉索芦荟具有咸水微咸水灌溉栽培的潜势.

EFFECT OF LONG-TERM SALT STRESS ON ALOE VERA IN GROWTH AND PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LEAF JUICE

Aloe, a typical xerophyte, is of important value in medicine and therapeutics, cosmetics, food industry, landscape and ornamental horticulture. According to biological characteristics, aloe belongs to a glycophyte rather than a halophyte. So far, available information on response of aloe to salt stress is little. In this study several aspects embodying salt resistant ability were studied with seven-leaf old Aloe vera cultured in sand for 120 days. Experimental results show that growth of aloe was closely correlated with salt concentration in irrigated nutrient solution. The treatment of 200 mmol L^-1 NaCl significantly retarded growth of aloe, reducing elongation dynamics, length, width, thickness, weight, water content, and chlorophyll content of its leaves, perimeter of the root system, dense radicel zone, biomass of different organs and a single plant, but increasing the number of withered leaves, which were even more remarkable when sodium chloride concentration reached to 400 mmol L^- 1. However, the negative effects of salt stress on aloe growth were not very marked when sodium chloride concentration was less than 100 mmol L^-1 as was compared with C the control K, no NaCl added into irrigated solution, especially when the concentration of NaCl was 50 mmol L^-1. The effects of salt stresses between 50 and 100 mmol L^-1 NaCl treatments on physical-chemical properties of aloe leaf juice, such as rate of leaf juice, soluble solids content, rotation viscosity, relative density, absorbance, electrical conductivity, pH value, ash percentage, total carbohydrate content treatments produced active effects on physical-chemical properties. soils, washing of rain and snow, and effect of ground water, Aloe water. and polysaccharide content were not significant. Both of the Based on these results, considering absorption of salt by vera is suitable to be irrigated with brine or weakly brine water.