不同降雨强度对营养盐垂向迁移过程和淋失量的影响

云南抚仙湖流域农田面源污染日益严重,土壤污染物主要随地表径流进入湖泊,使湖泊受到污染。但目前的现场观测表明,农田区浅层地下水也已受到污染,地下水已成为污染物输移的路径之一。通过四组不同降雨强度作用下的室内土柱试验模拟土壤污染物向地下水的淋失迁移量,对降雨入渗过程中总氮、总磷、铵态氮和硝态氮的垂向迁移过程进行了分析,通过分时段处理来对各组实验中营养盐累积淋失量进行了计算。结果表明,硝态氮的垂向迁移能力和出流浓度均大于铵态氮,总氮和总磷的累积淋失量与累积降雨量呈自然对数关系;降雨强度对总氮的淋失作用明显,对总磷淋失量的影响则相对较弱。实验结果有助于揭示抚仙湖流域降雨作用下农田土壤中污染物的垂向迁移过程及其对农田浅层地下水的污染机制,并为污染物垂向迁移的数学模拟提供数据基础。

MIGRATION AND LEACHING LOSSES OF NUTRIENTS IN RELATION TO RAINFALL INTENSITY

Non-point source pollution in the Fuxianfu Lake catchment,Yunnan has been the main cause of eutrophication of the Fuxianfu Lake.Leaching loss of nutrients from the soil is not only one of the most important agricultural problems,but also the main factor causing nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of the water environment.Four soil columns sampled in the region were used in the laboratory experiment,which was designed to have four different rainfall intensities,to investigate migration and leaching loss of nut...