青藏高原的隆起对高山土壤形成的影响

素有“世界屋脊”之称的青藏高原是地球上最年青的大高原,也是一个独特的土壤区域.本文主要论述青藏高原的隆起对高山土壤形成的影响,对本区主要土壤类型和区域特征也有所讨论,意欲对高山土壤的发生、分类和土壤区划提供一些资料.

THE INFLUENCE OF PLATEAU UPLIFT ON THE FORMATION OF ALPINE SOIL IN QINGHAI-XIZANG REGION

According to the data from the field investigations with soil physical and chemical analysis,micro-morphological and electron-microscopical identification in the laboratory,the influence of plateau uplift on soil-forming environment in Qinghai-Xizang region is discussed on the view point of soil genesis.It shows that since Pliocene,the most noticeaLle changes of soil-forming environment in this area were the raising of the altitude of land surface,the increasing of the complexity of geomorphology,the reconstruction of atmospheric circulation by which specific climatic characteristics of plateau were formed,the gradual decreasing of the forest coverage replaced by the vegetation of alpine meadow,alpine steppe and alpine desert,and the soil-forming weathered crusts with diversity and complexity.Under these conditions,a particular soil region was formed on the plateau.