铅锌银尾矿区土壤微生物活性及其群落功能多样性研究

通过对浙江省天台铅锌银尾矿区土壤微生物活性指标以及微生物群落功能多样性研究 ,结果表明 ,尾矿污染区土壤几种重金属含量比非矿区土壤有明显的增加。尾矿区土壤微生物特征发生了显著的变化 ,微生物生物量和可培养细菌数量显著降低 ,但土壤基础呼吸和微生物代谢商 (qCO2 )值却明显升高。Bi olog测试结果显示 ,随着重金属污染程度的加剧其土壤微生物群落结构发生了相应变化 ,尾矿区土壤微生物群落代谢剖面 (AWCD)及群落丰富度、多样性指数均显著低于非矿区土壤 ,且供试土壤间均达极显著水平差异 (p <0 .0 1) ,表明尾矿区重金属污染引起了土壤微生物群落功能多样性的下降 ,减少了能利用有关碳源底物的微生物数量、降低了微生物对单一碳源底物的利用能力

MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES AND FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY OF COMMUNITY IN SOILS POLLUTED WITH PB-ZN-AG MINE TAILINGS

In this study, the microbial activity and structure of microbial communities in soils polluted by tailings from Pb, Zn, Ag mine area were studied. The results s howed both total and soluble metal loadings in these soils increased with proxim ity to the mine tailing reserve. Indictors of soil microbial features varied si g nificantly because of heavy metal contamination stress. Soil microbial biomass a nd viable population size (plant counts) were negatively affected by the elevate d metal levels, but the size of soil basal respiration rate and microbial metabo lic quotients were positively influenced by the increasing heavy metal pollution levels. Microbial community structure also changed with increasing contaminatio n, as indicated by Biolog data and principal component analysis of Biolog commun ity metabolic profiles. Soil microbial metabolic profiles (AWCD) values, communi ty richness and diversity index in mine soils decreased remarkably as compared with adjacent non mine soils (p<0.01). It was suggested that the decline o f soil microbial community functional diversities would occur in soils polluted by he avy metals from mine tailing, decreased microbial number used energy carbon and utilization ability of microbial communities for carbon substrates. The micr o bi al activities and community functional diversities can effectively indicate soil environmental quality transition from mine area to non mine conditions.