新疆博格达山北坡土壤形成特征及其垂直分布

博格达山北坡土壤形成过程主要有腐殖质化过程、粘化过程、钙他过程、残余盐化-碱化过程、高山融冻过程.土壤风化程度低,粘土矿物以伊利石为主,粘粒SiO₂/R₂O₃为2.84-3.54,各土类差别不大,R₂O₃,沿剖面无明显移动.本区山体高大,土壤垂直分布完整,在天山北坡有代表性,并具温带荒漠土壤的垂直分布特点.土壤垂直分布东、西差异明显,西部完整,东部无荒漠土壤和高山草甸土.

THE GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOILS ON THE NORTH SLOPE OF BOGDA MOUNTAIN AND THEIR VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION

The main genetic processes of the soils on north slope of Bogda mountain include humification,argillization,mentle of the mountain.calcification,relic salinization-alkalization and freezing-thawing of snow The soils is weak in weathering,and have the clay minerals being dourinated by illite,and a ratio of SiO₂/R₂O₂ of 2.84-3.54 with less difference in whole profile.The vertical distribution of soils on the mountain are of the characters of vertical soil distribution pattern in temperas desert region.There exists distinct difference in vertical soil sequence between the west and east sections of the mountain; and there are no desert soil and alpine meadow soil in the vertical soil sequence of the east section of the mountain.