黑土和白浆土上磷肥肥效与土壤性质和氮素供应水平的关系

一般认为磷肥施入土壤后,能迅速地转化成难以被作物利用的状态.武玫玲等人^1]指出,可溶性磷酸盐施入土壤2小时后,有40%转化为0.5N HAc不能溶解的状态,经过一个月增加到80%以上.许多研究亦指出,土壤可溶性和交换性盐基的性质和含量^2]、土壤粘土矿物组成^3]、土壤的pH值^4]、影响化学平衡的时间、温度和水分舍量等^5],都可影响磷肥的转化过程.陈魁卿等^6]认为,黑土中的活性铁铝合量与磷酸的吸收没有规律性;而白浆土<0.01毫米的物理性粘粒与磷肥吸收关系较大.综上可见,磷肥肥效受到土壤诸因子的制约.

THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZER ON BLACK SOIL(PRAIRIE LIKE)AND PAICHIANG SOIL OF HEILUNGKIANG PROVINCE

Pot culture experiments were carried out on the black soil from Harbin and the paichiang soil from Hwachuan Hsien,both of Heilungkiang Province.Application of superphosphate alone increased the yield of wheat in the paichiang soil but not in the black soil.Combined application of nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizers increased the yield of wheat in both soils.