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土壤生物在土壤磷有效化中的作用
引用本文:张宝贵,李贵桐.土壤生物在土壤磷有效化中的作用[J].土壤学报,1998,35(1):104-111.
作者姓名:张宝贵  李贵桐
作者单位:中国农业大学农业资源环境学院
摘    要:本文概述了磷被土壤组分固定的机制,详述了土壤微生物,根,菌根和蚯蚓在提高土壤磷植物有效性中起的作用。土壤生物对磷的活化作用主要机制为;通过产生质子和有机酸溶解不溶态无机磷,通过分泌磷酸酶水解有机磷,这种作用受土壤供磷与植物对磷需求间平衡的调控。

关 键 词:  磷酸酶  土壤微生物  根际  有机磷肥
收稿时间:1995/8/27 0:00:00
修稿时间:9/9/1997 12:00:00 AM

ROLES OF SOIL ORGANISMS ON THE ENHANCEMENT OF PLANT AVAILABILITY OF SOIL PHOSPHORUS
Zhang Bangui and Li Gui-tong.ROLES OF SOIL ORGANISMS ON THE ENHANCEMENT OF PLANT AVAILABILITY OF SOIL PHOSPHORUS[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,1998,35(1):104-111.
Authors:Zhang Bangui and Li Gui-tong
Institution:College of Agricultural Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094;College of Agricultural Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094
Abstract:In this paper, the authors summarized briefly the retention of phosphorus by soil constituents. Roles of soil.microorganisms, plant roots, mycorrhizae and earthworms in the enhancement of plant availability of soil phosphorus are reviewed. The mobilization of soil phosphorus by soil biota involved mainly solubilization of insoluble inorganic phosphorus by excretion of protons and organic acids, and hydrolysis of organic phosphorus by phosphatases. The processes of phosphorus mobilization were regulated by the equilibrium between soil phosphorus supply and plant P demand. In the last part, possibilities of alternatives of P fertilizers are discussed. It was suggested that by increasing soil biota population and activity soil phosphorus supply could be in sychronization with plant phosphorus demand.
Keywords:Soil phosphorus mobilization  Phosphatase  Soil micro-organisms  Rhizosphere
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