有机肥与覆盖对苏北滩涂重度盐渍土壤水盐调控效应分析

<正>苏北地区滩涂资源丰富,拥有占全国1/4以上的滩涂面积,是非常重要的后备土地资源,同时,其开发利用历史悠久,已取得了巨大的社会经济效益1-2]。但从目前研究看来,土壤质量偏低依然是制约苏北滩涂开发利用的主要障碍因子3]。土壤盐渍化,尤其是重度盐渍化,作为影响滩涂土壤质量的主要障碍因子之一,严重抑制了土壤生产力的发挥,导致土地生产效率普遍偏低4]。因此,采取

Effects of farmyard manure and mulching on soil water and salinity in severe salinized tide flat soil of North Jiangsu Province

In order to eliminate soil salinity and improve the quality of severe salinized tide flat soil in short term, the integrated measures of farmyard manure and mulching, which are helpful for the soil water conservation, salinity elimination and crop growth, are introduced to regulate the dynamics of soil water and salinity. The results showed that farmyard manure plus polythene film mulch (FYM PM) and farmyard manure plus straw mulch (FYM SM) maintain soil water, restrain salt accumulation and promote crop growth effectively. However, the effects of the measures on soil pH are weak. The salt content is 2.88, 2.87 g kg-1 under FYM PM, FYM SM with a decreasing percent of 59.23 %, 59.40 % respectively and the moderate salinity degree, which has a positive role on the improvement of soil ecosystem. Compare to the control treatment, barley yield increased significantly with a percent of 55.95 %, 82.62 %, and the maize yield are 1916.59, 2484.13 kg hm-2 of FYM PM, FYM SM, with on yield in control treatment. It indicated that FYM PM and FYM SM increased the land productivity effectively, as both the yield of FYM PM and FYM SM are higher than the conventional cultivation of mild and moderate salinized soil. Besides, FYM SM is helpful for the sustainable use of farmyard manure and crop straw and relieves the environment problem of straw burning in the study area. In conclusion, it is significant to apply the integrated measures of farmyard manure and straw mulching in tidal flat area of north Jiangsu province.